Brotherton S E, Simon F A, Tomany S C
Division of Graduate Medical Education, American Medical Association, 515 N State St, Chicago, IL 60610, USA.
JAMA. 2000 Sep 6;284(9):1121-6. doi: 10.1001/jama.284.9.1121.
This report examines data collected through the American Medical Association Annual Survey of Graduate Medical Education Programs for 1999-2000 and compares these data with similar data collected during the past several years. The number of resident physicians enrolled during 1999-2000 was 606 more than during the previous year; graduates of US osteopathic medical schools (USDOs) had the greatest proportional increase (5.2%). The number of physicians entering graduate medical education (GME) for the first time in 1999-2000 (n = 22,320) also increased, with the number of USDOs increasing the most, by 14.5%, followed by international medical graduates (IMGs) at 6.5%. Between academic years 1998-1999 and 1999-2000, the number of physicians with prior US GME occupying first-year positions for which prior GME was not required (GY1 positions) increased by more than 300 (12%). Compared with graduates of US allopathic and osteopathic medical schools (USMGs), IMGs were more likely to seek additional training after graduating from a program. However, this was not true of IMGs who were US citizens or who had been naturalized or had permanent residency status. For the second year in a row, the number of white graduates of US allopathic medical schools (USMDs) entering GME has declined (2.0%), while the number of Hispanic GY1 USMDs has increased by 10.5%. The number of Asian GY1 USMDs increased steadily (11.0%) but the number of blacks decreased by 7.1% from 1998-1999. Growth continues, both in numbers and in heterogeneity of physicians in training, and must be considered in the future development of policy to guide US GME. JAMA. 2000;284:1121-1126
本报告分析了通过美国医学协会1999 - 2000年研究生医学教育项目年度调查收集的数据，并将这些数据与过去几年收集的类似数据进行比较。1999 - 2000年注册的住院医师人数比上一年多606人；美国骨病医学院（USDOs）的毕业生比例增长最大（5.2%）。1999 - 2000年首次进入研究生医学教育（GME）的医生人数（n = 22320）也有所增加，其中美国骨病医学院毕业生人数增长最多，为14.5%，其次是国际医学毕业生（IMGs），增长了6.5%。在1998 - 1999学年和1999 - 2000学年之间，拥有美国先前研究生医学教育经历且担任无需先前研究生医学教育经历的一年级职位（GY1职位）的医生人数增加了300多人（12%）。与美国全科和骨病医学院（USMGs）的毕业生相比，国际医学毕业生在完成一个项目毕业后更有可能寻求额外培训。然而，美国公民、已入籍或拥有永久居留身份的国际医学毕业生并非如此。美国全科医学院（USMDs）白人毕业生进入研究生医学教育的人数连续第二年下降（2.0%），而西班牙裔一年级美国全科医学院毕业生人数增加了10.5%。亚洲一年级美国全科医学院毕业生人数稳步增加（11.0%），但黑人人数比1998 - 1999年减少了7.1%。接受培训的医生人数及其多样性都在持续增长，在未来指导美国研究生医学教育的政策制定中必须予以考虑。《美国医学会杂志》。2000年；284:1121 - 1126
