Borzekowski D L, Flora J A, Feighery E, Schooler C
Stanford Center for Research in Disease Prevention, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA.
J Health Commun. 1999 Apr-Jun;4(2):105-18. doi: 10.1080/108107399126995.
A perceptual bias, the third person effect, has been observed where individuals believe themselves to differ from others regarding the perceived influence of media messages. Given the frequency with which youth encounter prosmoking messages and the reported negative effects of these messages, it is of value to study whether youth perceive cigarette advertisements to influence themselves and their friends and peers. This study examined the associations between exposure to social and information prosmoking environments, the perceived influence of cigarette advertisements on self, best friends, and other youth, and smoking susceptibility. A sample of 571 seventh graders completed surveys on tobacco advertisements and promotions. Using Student's-t, chi-square, ANOVA tests and proportional odds models, we found significant associations between perceived influence of cigarette advertisements and exposure to social and information prosmoking environments as well as smoking susceptibility. These data suggest that youth be taught that everyone is vulnerable to the tobacco industry's strategies and be given skills to resist prosmoking advertising.
一种感知偏差，即第三人效应，已被观察到，在这种效应中，个体认为自己在媒体信息的感知影响方面与他人不同。鉴于青少年接触吸烟宣传信息的频率以及这些信息所报告的负面影响，研究青少年是否认为香烟广告会影响自己、朋友和同龄人是很有价值的。本研究考察了接触社会和信息性吸烟环境、香烟广告对自我、最好的朋友和其他青少年的感知影响与吸烟易感性之间的关联。571名七年级学生的样本完成了关于烟草广告和促销的调查。使用学生t检验、卡方检验、方差分析和比例优势模型，我们发现香烟广告的感知影响与接触社会和信息性吸烟环境以及吸烟易感性之间存在显著关联。这些数据表明，应该教导青少年每个人都容易受到烟草行业策略的影响，并给予他们抵制吸烟广告的技能。
