Penn D L, Kohlmaier J R, Corrigan P W
Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB No. 3270, Davie Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA.
Schizophr Res. 2000 Sep 29;45(1-2):37-45. doi: 10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00213-3.
This study investigated the interpersonal factors (i.e., social skills, symptoms, perceived physical attractiveness) which are related to the stigma of schizophrenia. Social skills performance was assessed for 39 individuals with schizophrenia who participated in two role-plays with a confederate. Social skills ratings comprised 'overall social skill', 'meshing', 'clarity', and 'fluency' of speech, 'gaze', 'pleasantness' of conversation, 'involvement' in conversation, 'number of questions asked' during conversation, and 'perceived strangeness'. Symptomatology was assessed with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Ratings of perceived physical attractiveness were obtained by pausing the videotaped role-plays after the first 2s of the interaction. Ratings of 'social distance', based on an independent sample who observed the role-plays, were used as a proxy measure of stigma. The results showed that social distance was best statistically predicted by perceived strangeness, which in turn, was best statistically predicted by ratings of overall social skill. Negative symptoms appeared to have a more robust association with desired social distance than positive symptoms. Interpersonal factors, such as overall social skill, negative symptoms, and perceived strangeness, may contribute to stigma.
本研究调查了与精神分裂症污名相关的人际因素（即社交技能、症状、感知到的身体吸引力）。对39名精神分裂症患者进行了社交技能表现评估，这些患者与一名同伴进行了两场角色扮演。社交技能评分包括“总体社交技能”、“契合度”、“清晰度”、言语“流畅性”、“眼神注视”、交谈“愉悦度”、交谈“参与度”、交谈中“提问数量”以及“感知到的怪异程度”。使用简明精神病评定量表评估症状学。通过在互动开始2秒后暂停录像角色扮演来获得感知身体吸引力的评分。基于观察角色扮演的独立样本的“社交距离”评分被用作污名的替代指标。结果表明，社交距离在统计学上最好由感知到的怪异程度预测，而感知到的怪异程度在统计学上又最好由总体社交技能评分预测。与阳性症状相比，阴性症状似乎与期望的社交距离有更强的关联。人际因素，如总体社交技能、阴性症状和感知到的怪异程度，可能会导致污名。
