Manassis K, Tannock R, Barbosa J
Anxiety Disorders Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000 Sep;39(9):1152-9. doi: 10.1097/00004583-200009000-00015.
To compare children with comorbid anxiety disorders (ANX) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with children with either pure disorder and normal controls on 2 cognitive measures to elucidate the cognitive basis of this comorbidity.
Four groups of children aged 8 to 12 years (n = 64 total) were assessed: ANX, ADHD, both conditions (comorbid group), and neither condition (normal control group). Groups were compared on 2 cognitive measures: a measure of auditory emotional perception (dichotic listening task) and a measure of response inhibition (stop task), chosen for their relative specificity for ANX and ADHD, respectively, in previous studies.
Multivariate analyses of variance revealed significant group differences on the dichotic listening task (p < .05), with the comorbid group differing from the control group on emotion targets (p < .01) and the ADHD group differing from the control group on word targets (p < .05). On the stop task, the ADHD group appeared slower than the other diagnostic groups on both go and stop-signal reaction times, but differences were not significant.
In this study, children with comorbid ANX and ADHD showed reduced auditory emotion recognition relative to controls but did not show response inhibition deficits. Thus they appeared cognitively distinct from children with either pure disorder.
比较患有共病焦虑症（ANX）和注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童与患有单一障碍的儿童及正常对照组儿童在两项认知测试中的表现，以阐明这种共病的认知基础。
对四组8至12岁的儿童（共64名）进行评估：ANX组、ADHD组、两种疾病都有的组（共病组）以及两种疾病都没有的组（正常对照组）。对各组儿童进行两项认知测试：一项听觉情绪感知测试（双耳分听任务）和一项反应抑制测试（停止任务），这两项测试分别是根据先前研究中它们对ANX和ADHD的相对特异性而选择的。
多变量方差分析显示，在双耳分听任务上存在显著的组间差异（p < .05），共病组在情绪目标上与对照组不同（p < .01），ADHD组在单词目标上与对照组不同（p < .05）。在停止任务中，ADHD组在执行信号和停止信号反应时间上均比其他诊断组慢，但差异不显著。
在本研究中，患有共病ANX和ADHD的儿童相对于对照组表现出听觉情绪识别能力下降，但未表现出反应抑制缺陷。因此，他们在认知上似乎与患有单一障碍的儿童不同。
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