Shouse M N, Farber P R, Staba R J
Sleep Disturbance Research (151A3), Sepulveda Campus, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System (VAGLAHS), Sepulveda, CA 91343, USA.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2000 Sep;111 Suppl 2:S9-S18. doi: 10.1016/s1388-2457(00)00397-7.
To describe how the neural generators of different sleep components can provoke seizure discharge propagation during NREM sleep and can suppress it during REM sleep.
Experimental manipulations of discrete physiological components were conducted in feline epilepsy models (n=64), mostly in the systemic penicillin epilepsy model of primary generalized epilepsy and the amygdala kindling model of the localization-related seizure disorder, temporal lobe epilepsy. Procedures included seizure induction as well as quantifying norepinephrine concentrations (microdialysis) and the sleep-waking state distribution of seizures before and after lesions, systemic and localized drug administration and/or photic stimulation.
(1) Neural generators of synchronous EEG oscillations, including tonic background slow waves and phasic 'arousal' events (sleep EEG transients such as sleep spindles, k-complexes), can combine to promote electrographic seizure propagation during NREM and drowsiness; anti-gravity muscle tone permits seizure-related movement. (2) Neural generators of asynchronous neuronal discharge patterns can reduce electrographic seizures during alert waking and REM sleep; skeletal motor paralysis blocks seizure-related movement during REM. (3) Etiology of the seizure disorder can interact with sleep and arousal mechanisms to determine sleep-waking state distribution of interictal and ictal events.
Differential effects of NREM versus REM sleep components on seizure discharge propagation are to some extent non-specific and in other ways specific to seizure etiology.
描述不同睡眠成分的神经发生器如何在非快速眼动睡眠期间引发癫痫放电传播，以及如何在快速眼动睡眠期间抑制癫痫放电传播。
在猫癫痫模型（n = 64）中对离散的生理成分进行实验操作，主要是在原发性全身性癫痫的全身青霉素癫痫模型和定位相关癫痫疾病（颞叶癫痫）的杏仁核点燃模型中。实验步骤包括癫痫诱发以及在损伤前后、全身和局部给药和/或光刺激之前和之后对去甲肾上腺素浓度（微透析）和癫痫发作的睡眠-觉醒状态分布进行量化。
（1）同步脑电图振荡的神经发生器，包括强直性背景慢波和相位性“觉醒”事件（睡眠脑电图瞬变，如睡眠纺锤波、K复合波），可在非快速眼动睡眠和困倦期间共同促进脑电图癫痫放电传播；抗重力肌张力允许与癫痫发作相关的运动。（2）异步神经元放电模式的神经发生器可在清醒和快速眼动睡眠期间减少脑电图癫痫发作；骨骼肌麻痹在快速眼动睡眠期间阻止与癫痫发作相关的运动。（3）癫痫疾病的病因可与睡眠和觉醒机制相互作用，以确定发作间期和发作期事件的睡眠-觉醒状态分布。
非快速眼动睡眠与快速眼动睡眠成分对癫痫放电传播的不同影响在某种程度上是非特异性的，而在其他方面则特定于癫痫病因。
