McAuliffe S P, Knowlton B J
University of California, Los Angeles 90095, USA.
Percept Psychophys. 2000 Jul;62(5):953-9. doi: 10.3758/bf03212080.
An important result in perception research is that priming in an object naming task is invariant with translation and left-right reflection. A more sensitive object recognition paradigm was used in three experiments in order to investigate the extent to which priming of object identification is affected by changes in left-right orientation and position. In a prime phase, participants viewed consecutively presented object images. In a subsequent probe phase, participants identified familiar objects in rapid visual streams of nonobject distractors. In Experiment 1, images previously viewed in the same left-right orientation were primed more than images previously viewed in the opposite orientation (i.e., a left-right reflection). This reflection-sensitive priming was replicated in Experiment 2 using a brief (300-msec) prime exposure. In Experiment 3, when the retinal locations of prime and probe images matched, reflection-sensitive priming was also obtained, but when the retinal locations of prime and probe images differed, no reflection-sensitive priming was observed. These results suggest that a single prime exposure can produce long-term priming that is sensitive to left-right reflection, but that this priming is specific to a retinal location.
知觉研究中的一个重要结果是，在物体命名任务中的启动效应对于翻译和左右翻转是不变的。在三个实验中使用了一种更敏感的物体识别范式，以研究物体识别的启动效应在多大程度上受到左右方向和位置变化的影响。在启动阶段，参与者观看连续呈现的物体图像。在随后的探测阶段，参与者在由非物体干扰物组成的快速视觉流中识别熟悉的物体。在实验1中，与之前以相反方向（即左右翻转）观看的图像相比，之前以相同左右方向观看的图像得到的启动效应更强。在实验2中，使用短暂（300毫秒）的启动刺激曝光，重复了这种对翻转敏感的启动效应。在实验3中，当启动图像和探测图像的视网膜位置匹配时，也获得了对翻转敏感的启动效应，但当启动图像和探测图像的视网膜位置不同时，未观察到对翻转敏感的启动效应。这些结果表明，单次启动刺激曝光可以产生对左右翻转敏感的长期启动效应，但这种启动效应特定于一个视网膜位置。
