Kimura F
Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Neurosci Res. 2000 Sep;38(1):19-26. doi: 10.1016/s0168-0102(00)00151-6.
Wide innervation of cholinergic projections throughout the cortex implies that acetylcholine (ACh) plays an essential role in information processing, but how it works is still enigmatic. Experimental as well as theoretical work in the olfactory cortex and hippocampus suggests that ACh, via the muscarinic receptors, serves to shift the dynamics of the cortical networks into a state where afferent influence predominates over intracortical influence. Recent experiments in the visual and somatosensory cortex suggested that this hypothesis could be extended to neocortex. In addition, participation of the nicotinic receptors in regulating the synaptic response in the somatosensory cortex further substantiates this hypothesis. This hypothesis, derived mainly from in vitro work, also seemed to account for results from in vivo experiments without any obvious inconsistencies.
胆碱能投射在整个皮质广泛分布，这意味着乙酰胆碱（ACh）在信息处理中起着至关重要的作用，但其作用机制仍不明确。嗅觉皮质和海马体的实验及理论研究表明，ACh通过毒蕈碱受体，使皮质网络动力学转变为一种传入影响占主导地位、皮质内影响相对较弱的状态。近期在视觉皮质和体感皮质进行的实验表明，这一假设可能适用于新皮质。此外，烟碱受体参与调节体感皮质的突触反应，进一步证实了这一假设。这一主要源于体外研究的假设，似乎也能解释体内实验的结果，且不存在明显矛盾。
