Loewenstein M S
Am J Epidemiol. 1975 Sep;102(3):257-62. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112155.
Between December 21, 1969, and April 14, 1970, 44 symptomatic cases of Salmonella typhimurium gastroenteritis occurred among the approximately 2500 Sioux Indians of the Lake Traverse Reservation in South Dakota. Twenty-five cases were confirmed by positive stool culture. All 19 cases not confirmed by culture had diarrhea and were epidemiologically associated with the culture-proven cases. Fourteen of these were discovered during the course of the investigation and had not been cultured previously. Twelve cases were hospital-acquired and 32 community acquired. Both the nosocomial and community-acquired infections occurred randomly during the 17-week span of the epidemic. Despite extensive investigation, no common exposure was discovered. The hospital-acquired infections all occurred in patients who shared a room or nursing personnel with patients who had active disease, or were born of a woman with active disease at the time of parturition. Twenty-nine of the 32 community acquired cases were linked to each other by person-to-person contact. This epidemic is the first documented outbreak of non-institutional salmonellosis propagated by person-to-person transmission.
1969年12月21日至1970年4月14日期间，在南达科他州特拉弗斯湖保留地的约2500名苏族印第安人中，发生了44例鼠伤寒沙门氏菌胃肠炎症状性病例。25例通过粪便培养阳性得到确诊。所有19例未经培养确诊的病例均有腹泻症状，且在流行病学上与培养确诊病例相关。其中14例是在调查过程中发现的，此前未进行培养。12例为医院获得性感染，32例为社区获得性感染。医院获得性感染和社区获得性感染在疫情的17周期间均随机发生。尽管进行了广泛调查，但未发现共同暴露源。医院获得性感染均发生在与患有活动性疾病的患者共用一个房间的患者或护理人员身上，或发生在分娩时患有活动性疾病的女性所生的婴儿身上。32例社区获得性病例中有29例通过人际接触相互关联。此次疫情是首次有记录的通过人际传播的非机构性沙门氏菌病暴发。
