Löser C, Fölsch U R
Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel.
Laryngorhinootologie. 2000 Jul;79(7):442-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2000-4639.
In patients with benign or malignant diseases of the larynx/pharynx causing inadequate oral food intake, maintenance of individual adequate enteral nutrition is a major medical goal. This is particularly important in patients with malignant ENT tumours, where therapeutical measures as radiation or chemotherapy result in further deterioration of nutritional status and consecutively of quality of life and tolerance of therapy. Due to its safe and technically simple route of placement, the PEG has become the preferred enteral route of choice for enteral long-term nutrition world-wide. The technical success rate is > 99% with a procedure-related lethality rate of about 0%. Prospective clinical studies prove the excellent individual subjective acceptance of this method by patients. Indications, contraindications, complications, technical procedures and clinical aspects of PEG placement are described in detail in the present review. Long-term enteral feeding via PEG is accepted as a safe, effective, easy to practise and highly acceptable method with excellent long-term results and thus distinct improvement of nutritional status. Individual decision for PEG placement should be considered much earlier and more frequently in appropriate patients to save and further improve clinical and nutritional status and consecutively quality of life.
对于因喉/咽良性或恶性疾病导致经口食物摄入不足的患者，维持个体充足的肠内营养是主要的医学目标。这在耳鼻喉恶性肿瘤患者中尤为重要，因为放疗或化疗等治疗措施会导致营养状况进一步恶化，进而影响生活质量和治疗耐受性。由于经皮内镜下胃造口术（PEG）放置途径安全且技术操作简单，已成为全球肠内长期营养的首选途径。其技术成功率>99%，与操作相关的致死率约为0%。前瞻性临床研究证明患者对该方法的个体主观接受度极高。本综述详细描述了PEG放置的适应证、禁忌证、并发症、技术操作及临床相关情况。通过PEG进行长期肠内喂养被认为是一种安全、有效、易于实施且高度可接受的方法，具有出色的长期效果，从而显著改善营养状况。对于合适的患者，应更早且更频繁地考虑进行PEG放置的个体决策，以挽救并进一步改善临床和营养状况，进而提高生活质量。
