Prescrire Int. 2000 Jun;9(47):85-7.
(1) In the acute phase of ischaemic stroke in patients free of thrombogenic heart disease, combined treatment with aspirin + moderate-dose unfractionated heparin reduces the risk of relapse and death. Unfractionated heparin at higher anticoagulant doses has an unfavourable risk-benefit ratio. Treatment is controversial in patients with events associated with atrial fibrillation. (2) After ischaemic stroke in patients free of thrombogenic heart disease, aspirin reduces the risk of relapse and death. Other antiplatelet drugs, the aspirin + dipyridamole combination, ticlopidine and clopidogrel have similar efficacy to aspirin. (3) The risk-benefit ratio of oral anticoagulant is favourable after ischaemic stroke associated with atrial fibrillation; but it is unfavourable after stroke without thrombogenic heart disease.
(1)在无血栓形成性心脏病的缺血性中风急性期,阿司匹林联合中等剂量普通肝素治疗可降低复发和死亡风险。较高抗凝剂量的普通肝素风险效益比不佳。对于伴有房颤相关事件的患者,治疗存在争议。(2)在无血栓形成性心脏病的患者发生缺血性中风后,阿司匹林可降低复发和死亡风险。其他抗血小板药物,阿司匹林与双嘧达莫联合用药、噻氯匹定和氯吡格雷与阿司匹林疗效相似。(3)房颤相关缺血性中风后口服抗凝药的风险效益比有利;但在无血栓形成性心脏病的中风后则不利。