Nothdurft W, Kreja L
Department of Radiotherapy, University of Ulm, Germany.
Stem Cells. 1998;16 Suppl 1:97-111. doi: 10.1002/stem.5530160813.
The granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells (GM-CFC) were studied in the blood of dogs to evaluate their relationship to the bone marrow GM-CFC under normal conditions and their involvement in hemopoietic regeneration after different types of exposure to ionizing radiation. The GM-CFC could be defined as regular blood elements showing characteristic levels of their concentration in individual dogs in the range from 20 to 300 cells per ml. In relative terms, the GM-CFC numbers present in the whole blood of normal dogs were found to be on the order of 0.1% of the GM-CFC numbers present in the bone marrow. A small fraction of the GM-CFC population in the bone marrow, i.e., about 1%, can be mobilized into the peripheral blood within three h by intravenous injection of dextran sulfate (DS). These cells are characterized by a small size and a low S-phase fraction similar to the GM-CFC that are normally present in the blood. Total-body irradiation with single doses of 0.8 Gy and more caused a characteristic pattern of sequential changes in the blood GM-CFC concentration that were related to the recovery of the bone marrow GM-CFC population. The blood GM-CFC concentration showed an extreme depression within the first 15 days, a transient increase from day 17 to day 35 and remained at subnormal values for several weeks and months. The regeneration of the GM-CFC population in the bone marrow that could be mobilized into the blood by DS was similarly delayed as the recovery of the blood GM-CFC values. In dogs which were kept under continuous radiation exposure (0.019 Gy/day) causing permanent damage to the hemopoietic system, the GM-CFC numbers in the blood remained permanently depressed. Partial-body irradiation of dogs with a myeloablative dose (11.7 Gy) given to the anterior part of their body was followed by sequential changes in the blood GM-CFC concentration specific for this type of exposure. The pattern of changes was determined by direct radiation effects, the compensatory responses in the protected bone marrow and the regeneration events in the irradiated bone marrow. On the other hand, it could be shown that the repopulation and the restoration of the hemopoietic tissue is initiated by the seeding of hemopoietic cells (including GM-CFC) from the protected marrow.
对犬类血液中的粒细胞 - 巨噬细胞集落形成细胞（GM - CFC）进行了研究，以评估其在正常条件下与骨髓GM - CFC的关系，以及在不同类型的电离辐射暴露后其在造血再生中的作用。GM - CFC可定义为正常血液成分，在个体犬中其浓度呈现特征性水平，范围为每毫升20至300个细胞。相对而言，正常犬全血中GM - CFC的数量约为骨髓中GM - CFC数量的0.1%。通过静脉注射硫酸葡聚糖（DS），骨髓中一小部分GM - CFC群体（约1%）可在三小时内动员到外周血中。这些细胞的特征是体积小且S期比例低，类似于正常血液中存在的GM - CFC。单次全身照射剂量为0.8 Gy及以上会导致血液GM - CFC浓度出现与骨髓GM - CFC群体恢复相关的特征性连续变化模式。血液GM - CFC浓度在最初15天内极度降低，在第17天至第35天短暂升高，并在数周和数月内维持在低于正常的值。可通过DS动员到血液中的骨髓GM - CFC群体的再生与血液GM - CFC值的恢复同样延迟。在持续接受辐射暴露（0.019 Gy/天）导致造血系统永久性损伤的犬中，血液中的GM - CFC数量持续降低。对犬的身体前部给予骨髓清除剂量（11.7 Gy）进行局部照射后，血液GM - CFC浓度出现了这种类型照射特有的连续变化。变化模式由直接辐射效应、受保护骨髓中的代偿反应以及受照射骨髓中的再生事件决定。另一方面，可以证明造血组织的重新填充和恢复是由受保护骨髓中的造血细胞（包括GM - CFC）播种启动的。
