Carter A P, Clemons W M, Brodersen D E, Morgan-Warren R J, Wimberly B T, Ramakrishnan V
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.
Nature. 2000 Sep 21;407(6802):340-8. doi: 10.1038/35030019.
The 30S ribosomal subunit has two primary functions in protein synthesis. It discriminates against aminoacyl transfer RNAs that do not match the codon of messenger RNA, thereby ensuring accuracy in translation of the genetic message in a process called decoding. Also, it works with the 50S subunit to move the tRNAs and associated mRNA by precisely one codon, in a process called translocation. Here we describe the functional implications of the high-resolution 30S crystal structure presented in the accompanying paper, and infer details of the interactions between the 30S subunit and its tRNA and mRNA ligands. We also describe the crystal structure of the 30S subunit complexed with the antibiotics paromomycin, streptomycin and spectinomycin, which interfere with decoding and translocation. This work reveals the structural basis for the action of these antibiotics, and leads to a model for the role of the universally conserved 16S RNA residues A1492 and A1493 in the decoding process.
30S核糖体亚基在蛋白质合成中具有两个主要功能。它能够识别与信使核糖核酸密码子不匹配的氨酰转运核糖核酸，从而在一个称为解码的过程中确保遗传信息翻译的准确性。此外，它与50S亚基协同工作，在一个称为转位的过程中，将转运核糖核酸和相关的信使核糖核酸精确地移动一个密码子。在此，我们描述了随附论文中呈现的高分辨率30S晶体结构的功能意义，并推断30S亚基与其转运核糖核酸和信使核糖核酸配体之间相互作用的细节。我们还描述了与抗生素巴龙霉素、链霉素和壮观霉素复合的30S亚基的晶体结构，这些抗生素会干扰解码和转位。这项工作揭示了这些抗生素作用的结构基础，并得出了一个关于普遍保守的16S核糖核酸残基A1492和A1493在解码过程中作用的模型。
