Zanarini M C, Frankenburg F R, Reich D B, Marino M F, Lewis R E, Williams A A, Khera G S
Laboratory for the Study of Adult Development, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
J Pers Disord. 2000 Fall;14(3):264-73. doi: 10.1521/pedi.2000.14.3.264.
The purpose of this study was to assess the role of biparental abuse and neglect in the development of borderline personality disorder (BPD). A semistructured research interview was used to blindly assess the childhood experiences of biparental abuse and neglect reported by 358 borderline inpatients and 109 axis II controls. Eighty-four percent of borderline patients reported having experienced some type of biparental abuse or neglect before the age of 18; 55% reported a childhood history of biparental abuse; 77% reported a childhood history of biparental neglect. These experiences were also reported by a substantial percentage of Axis II controls (biparental abuse or neglect [61%], biparental abuse [31%], and biparental neglect [55%]). However, borderline patients were significantly more likely than axis II controls to report having been verbally, emotionally, and physically but not sexually abused by caretakers of both sexes. They were also significantly more likely than controls to report having caretakers of both sexes deny the validity of their thoughts and feelings, fail to provide them with needed protection, neglect their physical care, withdraw from them emotionally, and treat them inconsistently. It was also found that female borderlines who reported a previous history of neglect by a female caretaker and abuse by a male caretaker were at significantly higher risk for having been sexually abused by a noncaretaker. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that biparental failure may be a significant factor in the etiology of BPD. They also suggest that biparental failure may significantly increase a preborderline girl's risk of being sexually abused by someone other than her parents.
本研究的目的是评估双亲虐待与忽视在边缘型人格障碍（BPD）发展过程中的作用。采用半结构化研究访谈，对358名边缘型住院患者和109名轴II对照者所报告的双亲虐待与忽视的童年经历进行盲法评估。84%的边缘型患者报告在18岁之前经历过某种类型的双亲虐待或忽视；55%报告有双亲虐待的童年史；77%报告有双亲忽视的童年史。相当比例的轴II对照者也报告了这些经历（双亲虐待或忽视[61%]、双亲虐待[31%]、双亲忽视[55%]）。然而，边缘型患者比轴II对照者更有可能报告受到来自父母双方的言语、情感和身体虐待，但不包括性虐待。他们也比对照者更有可能报告父母双方都否认他们想法和感受的有效性、未能为他们提供所需的保护、忽视他们的身体护理、在情感上与他们疏离以及对待他们前后不一致。研究还发现，报告曾被女性照顾者忽视和男性照顾者虐待的女性边缘型患者，遭受非照顾者性虐待的风险显著更高。综合来看，本研究结果表明双亲失职可能是BPD病因中的一个重要因素。研究结果还表明，双亲失职可能会显著增加边缘型前女孩遭受父母以外他人性虐待的风险。
