Konrad D, Weber K, Corney S, Allen T R, Terrier C
RCC Ltd, Itingen, Switzerland.
Comp Med. 2000 Aug;50(4):405-9.
The aim of the study reported here was to set up a method for echocardiography (EC) and abdominal sonography and to obtain EC reference values for left ventricular (LV) morphology and function and sonographic abdominal aortic morphology, function, and flow values in conscious, unsedated Gottingen minipigs.
Applying a standardized investigation procedure, the following parameters were measured by use of M-mode EC, color-coded Doppler imaging, and B-mode sonography, or were calculated, in 58 female minipigs: LV end-diastolic and end-systolic diameter, interventricular septum thickness, LV caudal wall thickness, LV end-diastolic volume and end-systolic volume, fractional shortening, ejection fraction, and percentage of thickening of interventricular septum and LV caudal wall. In addition, morphology, pulsatility, flow values, and flow patterns in the abdominal aorta were recorded or calculated during abdominal sonography and color-coded Doppler imaging.
Variable EC values were obtained due to individual variations of motor activity. Variation could be reduced by accustoming the animals to a standardized investigation procedure. Reference values could be obtained for EC, partially indicating clear correlation with body weight. Color-coded Doppler and Doppler spectra did not indicate flow disturbances in large arterial abdominal vessels.
Results indicate that handling during EC and sonography can cause discomfort in unsedated minipigs that may interfere with recording of valid reference values for functional cardiac parameters in young animals. Accustoming the animals to a standardized investigation procedure reduces stress to a satisfactory level and enables data recording. Thus the minipig is considered suitable for assessment of cardiovascular parameters in experimental or toxicologic studies.
本文报道的研究目的是建立一种用于超声心动图（EC）和腹部超声检查的方法，并获取清醒、未镇静的哥廷根小型猪左心室（LV）形态和功能以及腹部主动脉形态、功能和血流值的EC参考值。
采用标准化的检查程序，在58只雌性小型猪中，通过M型EC、彩色编码多普勒成像和B型超声检查测量或计算以下参数：左心室舒张末期和收缩末期直径、室间隔厚度、左心室后壁厚度、左心室舒张末期容积和收缩末期容积、缩短分数、射血分数以及室间隔和左心室后壁增厚百分比。此外，在腹部超声检查和彩色编码多普勒成像过程中记录或计算腹主动脉的形态、搏动性、血流值和血流模式。
由于运动活动的个体差异，获得了可变的EC值。通过使动物适应标准化检查程序，可以减少变异。可以获得EC的参考值，部分显示与体重有明显相关性。彩色编码多普勒和多普勒频谱未显示腹主动脉大血管中的血流紊乱。
结果表明，在超声心动图和超声检查过程中进行操作可能会使未镇静的小型猪感到不适，这可能会干扰幼小动物心脏功能参数有效参考值的记录。使动物适应标准化检查程序可将应激降低到令人满意的水平，并能够进行数据记录。因此，小型猪被认为适合用于实验或毒理学研究中的心血管参数评估。
