Ladov M J, Precheur H V, Rauch D M, Engel P S, Stern R K
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000 Oct;58(10 Suppl 2):15-8. doi: 10.1053/joms.2000.17882.
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of transnasal butorphanol tartrate (Stadol NS; Bristol-Myers Squibb, New York, NY) in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe pain after oral surgery for the removal of impacted third molars.
In this open-label study, third molar extraction was performed on 25 male and 25 female patients. These patients were given Stadol NS nasal spray, 1 mg, administered in a single dose every 4 hours as needed. However, patients were allowed to remedicate 60 to 90 minutes after the initial dose, if necessary. They also took ibuprofen (400 mg) as concomitant medication every 4 to 6 hours for the first 48 hours. Patients recorded pain intensity on a visual analog scale, with 0 representing no pain, to 10 representing the most severe pain.
Stadol NS significantly reduced pain (by 50%) after third molar extraction within 15 minutes after administration. It had a high level of patient acceptance, 81% on day 1, and was well tolerated.
The rapid onset of analgesia and long duration of action shown by Stadol NS in this study, as well as its ease of administration and high level of patient acceptance, suggest that this drug would be an excellent primary choice for the management of pain after third molar extraction and oral surgery in general.
本研究评估了酒石酸布托啡诺鼻喷雾剂（施打宁；百时美施贵宝公司，纽约州纽约市）治疗拔除阻生第三磨牙口腔手术后中重度疼痛患者的疗效和安全性。
在这项开放标签研究中，对25名男性和25名女性患者进行了第三磨牙拔除术。这些患者按需每4小时单剂量给予1毫克施打宁鼻喷雾剂。不过，如有必要，患者可在初始剂量后60至90分钟再次用药。在最初的48小时内，他们还每4至6小时服用一次布洛芬（400毫克）作为辅助药物。患者使用视觉模拟量表记录疼痛强度，0表示无疼痛，10表示最剧烈疼痛。
施打宁鼻喷雾剂在给药后15分钟内可显著减轻第三磨牙拔除术后的疼痛（减轻50%）。患者接受度较高，第1天为81%，且耐受性良好。
本研究中施打宁鼻喷雾剂显示出快速起效和长效作用，以及其易于给药和较高的患者接受度，表明该药是拔除第三磨牙及一般口腔手术后疼痛管理的极佳首选药物。
