McCutcheon L E
Florida Southern College, USA.
Psychol Rep. 2000 Aug;87(1):325-30. doi: 10.2466/pr0.2000.87.1.325.
Several studies have not replicated Rauscher, Shaw, and Ky's 1993 finding that 10 minutes of exposure to Mozart piano music temporarily enhanced performance on three spatial reasoning tasks. Later Rauscher and Shaw argued that enhanced performance is unlikely unless three conditions are met. The present study was designed to meet those three conditions. 36 adults were exposed to one of six listening orders and one of six test orders. Listening and test orders had no systematic effect on spatial reasoning performance. A one-factor, repeated-measures analysis of variance yielded no significant difference on spatial reasoning performance after listening to classical music, jazz, or silence. A reanalysis, using only those items most likely to tap spatial reasoning, fell short of significance, and mean scores were in the direction opposite to that hypothesized. These results were inconsistent with studies that have supported a Mozart effect.
几项研究未能重现劳舍尔、肖和凯1993年的研究结果，即接触10分钟莫扎特钢琴音乐能暂时提高在三项空间推理任务上的表现。后来劳舍尔和肖认为，除非满足三个条件，否则不太可能提高表现。本研究旨在满足这三个条件。36名成年人被安排在六种聆听顺序之一和六种测试顺序之一的情境下。聆听顺序和测试顺序对空间推理表现没有系统性影响。单因素重复测量方差分析结果显示，在聆听古典音乐、爵士乐或安静环境后，空间推理表现没有显著差异。仅使用最有可能考察空间推理的项目进行重新分析，未达到显著水平，且平均得分与假设方向相反。这些结果与支持莫扎特效应的研究不一致。
