Plotkin J B, Potts M D, Leslie N, Manokaran N, Lafrankie J, Ashton P S
Institute for Advanced Study and Princeton University, Olden Lane, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
J Theor Biol. 2000 Nov 7;207(1):81-99. doi: 10.1006/jtbi.2000.2158.
The relationship between species diversity and sampled area is fundamental to ecology. Traditionally, theories of the species-area relationship have been dominated by random-placement models. Such models were used to formulate the canonical theory of species-area curves and species abundances. In this paper, however, armed with a detailed data set from a moist tropical forest, we investigate the validity of random placement and suggest improved models based upon spatial aggregation. By accounting for intraspecific, small-scale aggregation, we develop a cluster model which reproduces empirical species-area curves with high fidelity. We find that inter-specific aggregation patterns, on the other hand, do not affect the species-area curves significantly. We demonstrate that the tendency for a tree species to aggregate, as well as its average clump size, is not significantly correlated with the species' abundance. In addition, we investigate hierarchical clumping and the extent to which aggregation is driven by topography. We conclude that small-scale phenomena such as dispersal and gap recruitment determine individual tree placement more than adaptation to larger-scale topography.
物种多样性与采样面积之间的关系是生态学的基础。传统上，物种-面积关系理论一直由随机分布模型主导。此类模型被用于构建物种-面积曲线和物种丰度的经典理论。然而，在本文中，基于来自湿润热带森林的详细数据集，我们研究了随机分布的有效性，并提出了基于空间聚集的改进模型。通过考虑种内小尺度聚集，我们开发了一个聚类模型，该模型能高度逼真地再现经验物种-面积曲线。另一方面，我们发现种间聚集模式对物种-面积曲线没有显著影响。我们证明，一种树种的聚集趋势及其平均丛大小与该物种的丰度没有显著相关性。此外，我们研究了分层聚集以及聚集受地形驱动的程度。我们得出结论，诸如扩散和林窗更新等小尺度现象比适应大尺度地形更能决定个体树木的分布。
