Zhang L X, Tu D H, He G X, Ma Z Q, Nagelkerke N J, Borgdorff M W, Enarson D A, Broekmans J F
Beijing Research Institute for Tuberculosis Control and Shun-yi Tuberculosis Centre, Beijing, China.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Oct;162(4 Pt 1):1314-7. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.162.4.9911106.
In Beijing, the notification rate of smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) has been below 20 per 100,000 since 1986, and continues to decline. To accurately measure the risk of TB infection in a population in which the results of tuberculin skin testing were not confounded by vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), BCG vaccination at birth was discontinued from 1988 in Shun-yi County. In 1995, the prevalence of TB infection among 12,836 primary school children aged 6 to 7 yr and without BCG scars was 1.4%, giving an estimated annual risk of infection of 0.19% (95% confidence interval: 0.16 to 0.22%). The prevalence of TB infection in children aged 5 to 9 yr in Beijing in 1950 was 46%. The number of cases of tuberculous meningitis did not increase after discontinuation of BCG. We conclude that discontinuation of BCG had no detectable harmful effects, and that control of TB in Beijing has markedly reduced the prevalence of TB infection since 1950.
自1986年以来，北京涂片阳性肺结核（TB）的报告率一直低于十万分之二十，并且仍在持续下降。为了准确测量结核菌素皮肤试验结果未受卡介苗（BCG）接种干扰的人群中结核感染风险，顺义县自1988年起停止了新生儿卡介苗接种。1995年，对12836名6至7岁且无卡介苗接种疤痕的小学生进行调查，结核感染患病率为1.4%，估计年感染风险为0.19%（95%置信区间：0.16至0.22%）。1950年北京5至9岁儿童的结核感染患病率为46%。停止接种卡介苗后，结核性脑膜炎的病例数并未增加。我们得出结论，停止接种卡介苗未产生可检测到的有害影响，并且自1950年以来北京对结核病的控制显著降低了结核感染的患病率。
