Sandström B, Bügel S, Lauridsen C, Nielsen F, Jensen C, Skibsted L H
Research Department of Human Nutrition, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Br J Nutr. 2000 Aug;84(2):143-50.
The possibility of achieving blood-lipid-lowering characteristics of pig fat by increasing the content of unsaturated fat in pig feed was evaluated. Three pig feeding regimens were applied: basal feed (no added fat or vitamin E), basal feed + rapeseed oil (60 g/kg feed), and basal feed + rapeseed oil (60 g/kg) + vitamin E (200 mg/kg). Meat and meat products from the three pig groups were incorporated into diets providing 86 g pig fat/10 MJ. The diets were served to twelve healthy human male subjects for 3 weeks each in a randomised crossover design. The diets prepared from pigs fed rapeseed oil had a lower content of saturated fatty acids (approximately 9 v. 11% of energy) and a higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (approximately 6 v. 4% of energy) than the diet prepared from pigs fed the basal feed. Diets based on fat from pigs fed the rapeseed oil resulted in significantly lower (approximately 4%, P = 0.019) total serum cholesterol concentration compared with the diet from pigs fed the basal feed. No differences were observed in LDL-, HDL- or VLDL-cholesterol, or in triacylglycerol or VLDL-triacylglycerol concentrations. Addition of vitamin E to the pig feed resulted in only a minor increase in vitamin E content in the human subjects' diet and the vitamin E content was low in all three pig diets. Plasma vitamin E concentration in the human subjects at the end of the period with diets from pigs fed rapeseed oil without vitamin E was significantly lower (P = 0.04) than in the other two diet periods. In conclusion, an increased content of rapeseed oil in pig feed changes the fatty acid composition of the pig fat in a way that has a potential to reduce blood cholesterol concentrations in human subjects. However, intake of pig fat with a higher content of unsaturated fatty acids needs to be matched by a higher dietary intake of vitamin E.
评估了通过增加猪饲料中不饱和脂肪含量来实现猪脂肪降血脂特性的可能性。采用了三种猪饲养方案：基础饲料（不添加脂肪或维生素E）、基础饲料+菜籽油（60克/千克饲料）以及基础饲料+菜籽油（60克/千克）+维生素E（200毫克/千克）。将三组猪的肉及肉制品添加到提供86克猪脂肪/10兆焦耳的日粮中。这些日粮以随机交叉设计分别喂给12名健康男性受试者，为期3周。与用基础饲料喂养的猪所制备的日粮相比，用菜籽油喂养的猪所制备的日粮饱和脂肪酸含量较低（约占能量的9%对11%），多不饱和脂肪酸含量较高（约占能量的6%对4%）。基于用菜籽油喂养的猪的脂肪的日粮导致血清总胆固醇浓度显著降低（约4%，P = 0.019），与用基础饲料喂养的猪的日粮相比。在低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白或极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇，或甘油三酯或极低密度脂蛋白甘油三酯浓度方面未观察到差异。在猪饲料中添加维生素E仅使人体受试者日粮中的维生素E含量略有增加，并且所有三种猪日粮中的维生素E含量都很低。在用不含维生素E的菜籽油喂养的猪的日粮喂养期结束时，人体受试者的血浆维生素E浓度显著低于其他两个日粮喂养期（P = 0.04）。总之，猪饲料中菜籽油含量的增加改变了猪脂肪的脂肪酸组成，有可能降低人体受试者的血液胆固醇浓度。然而，摄入不饱和脂肪酸含量较高的猪脂肪需要相应增加日粮中维生素E的摄入量。
