柑橘红蜘蛛（柑橘全爪螨）是生活在柑橘园周边儿童中一种常见的致敏变应原。

Citrus red mite (Panonychus citri) is a common sensitizing allergen among children living around citrus orchards.

作者信息

Lee M H, Cho S H, Park H S, Bahn J W, Lee B J, Son J W, Kim Y K, Koh Y Y, Min K U, Kim Y Y

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, Cheju University College of Medicine, Korea.

出版信息

Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2000 Sep;85(3):200-4. doi: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62467-2.

DOI:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62467-2

PMID:11030274

Abstract

BACKGROUND

A recent investigation has suggested that Panonychus citri (citrus red mite) is the most common causative allergen in citrus-cultivating farmers with asthma or allergic rhinitis.

OBJECTIVE

A cross-sectional survey was performed to evaluate the prevalence of asthma and sensitization to P. citri among children living around citrus orchards.

METHODS

A total of 1,055 children living around citrus orchards were enrolled. There were 544 boys and 511 girls with a mean age of 12.3 (range 7 to 16) years. They were evaluated by the ISAAC questionnaire, and a skin prick test with 13 common aeroallergens including P. citri and Japanese cedar pollen. Children who recorded ever having experienced wheezing on the questionnaire were evaluated by methacholine bronchial provocation test and determined to have asthma if they showed bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine simultaneously.

RESULTS

The positive skin test response to one or more inhalant allergens except P. citri was 35.5%, but when including P. citri, the positive response increased to 37.7%. The most common sensitizing allergens in the order of decreasing frequency were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (26.6%), D. farinae (22.7%), P. citri (14.2%), cockroach (11.3%), and Japanese cedar pollen (9.7%). Among the children without sensitization to house dust mites, the sensitization rate to P. citri was significantly higher in those 13 and over than in those under 12 (5.8% versus 2.5%, P < .05). The prevalence of asthma was not different between the children with sensitization to P. citri and those without it (5.4% versus 4.0%, P > .05), although the prevalence was higher in those with sensitization to D. pteronyssinus or D. farinae than in those without sensitization to these allergens (7.9% versus 2.9%, P < .05; 9.7% versus 2.6%, P < .05).

CONCLUSION

Citrus red mite is a common sensitizing allergen among children living around citrus orchards. The features of sensitization and development of asthma are different between citrus red mite and house dust mites.

摘要

背景

最近的一项调查表明，柑橘全爪螨（柑橘红蜘蛛）是患有哮喘或过敏性鼻炎的柑橘种植农民中最常见的致敏原。

目的

进行一项横断面调查，以评估柑橘果园周边儿童哮喘的患病率以及对柑橘全爪螨的致敏情况。

方法

共纳入1055名居住在柑橘果园周边的儿童。其中有544名男孩和511名女孩，平均年龄为12.3岁（范围7至16岁）。他们通过国际儿童哮喘及过敏研究（ISAAC）问卷进行评估，并采用包括柑橘全爪螨和日本雪松花粉在内的13种常见气传变应原进行皮肤点刺试验。对问卷中记录曾有喘息经历的儿童进行乙酰甲胆碱支气管激发试验评估，若同时对乙酰甲胆碱表现出支气管高反应性，则判定为患有哮喘。

结果

对除柑橘全爪螨外的一种或多种吸入性变应原皮肤试验呈阳性反应的比例为35.5%，但将柑橘全爪螨纳入后，阳性反应比例增至37.7%。按频率递减顺序，最常见的确致敏变应原依次为屋尘螨（26.6%）、粉尘螨（22.7%）、柑橘全爪螨（14.2%）、蟑螂（11.3%）和日本雪松花粉（9.7%）。在对屋尘螨未致敏的儿童中，13岁及以上儿童对柑橘全爪螨的致敏率显著高于12岁以下儿童（5.8%对2.5%，P <.05）。对柑橘全爪螨致敏的儿童与未致敏儿童的哮喘患病率无差异（5.4%对4.0%，P >.05），尽管对屋尘螨或粉尘螨致敏的儿童哮喘患病率高于对这些变应原未致敏的儿童（7.9%对2.9%，P <.05；9.7%对2.6%，P <.05）。