Saetta M, Turato G, Zuin R
Dipartimento di Medicina Ambientale e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Padova, Italy.
Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis. 2000 Oct;17(3):239-45.
The airflow limitation that characterises chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has two main components: an increased resistance, which is due to airway obstruction, and a loss of the elastic recoil pressure of the lung, which is due to parenchymal destruction. Although it has long been known that the major site of increased resistance in COPD is the peripheral airways, recent studies have shown that central airways are involved in the disease as well. The purpose of this review is to describe the major structural and cellular changes present in peripheral airways, central airways and lung parenchyma of patients with COPD, and to underline the possible mechanisms contributing to airflow limitation in these subjects.
以慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）为特征的气流受限有两个主要组成部分：一是阻力增加，这是由气道阻塞所致；二是肺弹性回缩压丧失，这是由实质破坏所致。尽管长期以来人们都知道COPD中阻力增加的主要部位是外周气道，但最近的研究表明中央气道也参与了该疾病。本综述的目的是描述COPD患者外周气道、中央气道和肺实质中存在的主要结构和细胞变化，并强调这些患者气流受限的可能机制。
