McCrohan C R, Campbell M M, Jugdaohsingh R, Ballance S, Powell J J, White K N
School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, UK.
Acta Biol Hung. 2000;51(2-4):309-16.
The low solubility of aluminium (Al) at neutral pH means that it largely exists as colloidal particulates in aquatic systems. However, the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis accumulates significant amounts of Al following exposure to water containing added Al (up to 500 microg l(-1)) at pH 7. This is accompanied by depression of behavioural activity (locomotion, feeding) which subsequently recovers, suggesting tolerance to the metal. The presence of silica ameliorates behavioural toxicity of Al, but does not prevent uptake of the metal. In vitro studies using the isolated central nervous system demonstrate toxicity at the cellular level. Extracellular application of Al (100 microM) led to membrane depolarisation, bursts of action potentials and action potential broadening. The chemical form in which Al is applied influences the extent of bioaccumulation and toxicity. Detailed knowledge of its solution chemistry is therefore essential.
铝（Al）在中性pH值下的低溶解度意味着它在水生系统中主要以胶体颗粒的形式存在。然而，静水椎实螺在暴露于pH值为7且添加了铝（高达500微克/升）的水中后，会积累大量的铝。这伴随着行为活动（运动、摄食）的抑制，随后行为活动恢复，表明对该金属具有耐受性。硅的存在可减轻铝的行为毒性，但不能阻止金属的吸收。使用离体中枢神经系统进行的体外研究表明在细胞水平上存在毒性。细胞外施加铝（100微摩尔）会导致膜去极化、动作电位爆发和动作电位展宽。铝的施用化学形式会影响生物累积和毒性的程度。因此，详细了解其溶液化学至关重要。
