Ey S, Klesges L M, Patterson S M, Hadley W, Barnard M, Alpert B S
Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Tennessee 38152, USA.
J Behav Med. 2000 Oct;23(5):421-35. doi: 10.1023/a:1005568930849.
This study examined gender and racial differences in adolescents' risk perceptions of major diseases and motor vehicle injury and whether these perceptions agree with national mortality rates and parental health history. Adolescent (N = 135; 55% African-American) boys and girls reported on their chances compared to other adolescents of developing specific diseases or experiencing a motor vehicle injury and their knowledge of parental health history. Logistic regression models revealed that girls' risk perceptions were similar to boys' ratings even though females are at less risk than males per national figures. Caucasian adolescents inaccurately perceived that they were at significantly greater risk than African-American peers for motor vehicle injury, stroke, cancer, and heart attack. Adolescents' knowledge of a father's diabetes was predictive of greater perceived vulnerability to diabetes.
本研究调查了青少年对主要疾病和机动车伤害的风险认知中的性别和种族差异,以及这些认知是否与全国死亡率和父母健康史相符。青少年(N = 135;55%为非裔美国人)男孩和女孩报告了与其他青少年相比,他们患特定疾病或经历机动车伤害的几率,以及他们对父母健康史的了解。逻辑回归模型显示,尽管根据全国数据女性的风险低于男性,但女孩的风险认知与男孩的评级相似。白人青少年错误地认为,他们在机动车伤害、中风、癌症和心脏病发作方面的风险明显高于非裔美国同龄人。青少年对父亲患糖尿病的了解预示着他们更容易感知到患糖尿病的风险。