Haenszel W, Correa P
Cancer Res. 1975 Nov;35(11 Pt. 2):3452-9.
The history of stomach cancer epidemiology is reviewed. The introduction of migrant population studies in the 1960 decade that described the critical role of exposures to this disease in early life was a key event. Companion pathology studies have indicated different epidemiological patterns for 2 histological entities, intestinal and diffuse type carcinomas, and confirmed an excess of intestinal metaplasia in populations at high risk to stomach cancer. Recent results suggest that epidemiology of stomach cancer can be transformed into the epidemiology of precursor lesions, and introduction of the fiberoptic gastroscope makes technically feasible detailed studies of the relationship of precursor lesions to suspect factors, including diet, in selected geographic areas. Nitroso compounds have been identified as candidate carcinogens and the epidemiological, pathological, and chemical data display signs of internal consistency. Feeding experiments with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine have led to animal models that permit a coordinated epidemiological-experimental approach to stomach cancer.
本文回顾了胃癌流行病学的历史。20世纪60年代引入的流动人口研究描述了早年接触因素在该疾病中的关键作用，这是一个关键事件。相关病理学研究表明，肠型和弥漫型两种组织学类型的癌具有不同的流行病学模式，并证实胃癌高危人群中肠化生过多。最近的研究结果表明，胃癌流行病学可转化为癌前病变的流行病学，而纤维胃镜的引入使得在特定地理区域对癌前病变与可疑因素（包括饮食）之间的关系进行详细研究在技术上成为可能。亚硝基化合物已被确定为候选致癌物，流行病学、病理学和化学数据显示出内在一致性的迹象。用N-甲基-N'-硝基-N-亚硝基胍进行的喂养实验已建立了动物模型，从而允许采用协调一致的流行病学-实验方法来研究胃癌。
