Helweg-Larsen K, Juel K
National Institute of Public Health, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Scand J Public Health. 2000 Sep;28(3):214-21.
The emphasis of this study is on the relative mortality of 45-74-year-old men and women in Denmark in 1943-92, following economic and political changes that have affected the social meaning of gender over the last 50 years, and which have diminished former sex differences in health behaviour.
Sex ratios of total mortality and mortality from major non-sex-specific causes of death were calculated on computerized mortality data from the Danish National Cause of Death Register that covers all deaths in Denmark since 1943.
In the early 1940s the sex ratio of all-cause mortality was low, 1.0-1.1, it increased to a peak level in the late 1970s and early 1980s, but has since decreased due to an increase in female mortality and a more favourable trend in male mortality.
Gender equality, employment, and economic autonomy may have beneficial health effects on both men and women, but the effects are inconsistent. The trend in smoking is the major explanatory factor for the more recent trends in gender differentials in mortality in Denmark.
本研究重点关注1943年至1992年间丹麦45至74岁男性和女性的相对死亡率，这些年间发生了经济和政治变革，影响了过去50年中性别在社会层面的意义，并且缩小了以往健康行为方面的性别差异。
利用丹麦国家死因登记处的计算机化死亡数据计算总死亡率以及主要非性别特异性死因的死亡率的性别比，该登记处涵盖自1943年以来丹麦的所有死亡情况。
20世纪40年代初，全因死亡率的性别比很低，为1.0至1.1，在20世纪70年代末和80年代初升至峰值水平，但此后由于女性死亡率上升以及男性死亡率出现更有利的趋势而下降。
性别平等、就业和经济自主权可能对男性和女性的健康都有有益影响，但影响并不一致。吸烟趋势是丹麦近期死亡率性别差异趋势的主要解释因素。
