Werner W
Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der SHG-Kliniken Merzig.
Psychiatr Prax. 2000 Sep;27 Suppl 2:S49-52.
In 1998, the 1876 founded "preussische Provinzialirrenanstalt", a large asylum in Merzig (Germany), was closed down. Instead several psychiatric departments were founded in the rural county ("Bundesland"). On the asylum's former area in Merzig a new and modern general hospital including a psychiatric department was established. The present article will show up the former psychiatric hospital's genuine working fields, treating violent, self-harming and mental ill people needing help. It will describe in a differentiating way how the new services for the different groups of mental ill persons run: Decentralized general psychiatric care in defined regional areas (without forensic patients), central treatment for the forensic patients, regional care for people with mental retardation. In completion of this network there exist regional solutions for the themes "living in a own home", "Working and occupation" and "day-structuring". In conclusion, deinstitutionalization will not have any limits, despite of a few exceptions, if the limits of institutional thinking can be overcome.
1998年，建于1876年的“普鲁士省精神病院”（位于德国梅尔齐希的一家大型精神病院）关闭。取而代之的是，在这个乡村县（“联邦州”）设立了几个精神科。在梅尔齐希精神病院的旧址上，建立了一家崭新且现代化的综合医院，其中包括一个精神科。本文将展示这家 former psychiatric hospital 的真正工作领域，即治疗暴力、自残以及需要帮助的精神病患者。它将以差异化的方式描述针对不同精神病患者群体的新服务是如何运作的：在特定区域进行分散式的普通精神科护理（不包括法医鉴定患者），对法医鉴定患者进行集中治疗，为智力障碍者提供区域护理。作为这个网络的补充，还存在针对“居家生活”“工作与职业”以及“日间安排”等主题的区域解决方案。总之，如果能够克服机构思维的局限，去机构化将不会有任何限制，尽管存在一些例外情况。
