Beck D, Kettler D
Zentrum Anaesthesiologie, Rettungs- und Intensivmedizin, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen.
Z Arztl Fortbild Qualitatssich. 2000 Sep;94(7):563-7.
The significance of constipation with its variety of possible complications is often underestimated in the context of the tumour patient's complaints although difficulties in stool management are more common in patients with advanced cancer than in those with other terminal diseases. Without treatment constipated patients will suffer from nausea and emesesis and will possibly develop small bowel paralysis. About half of all patients admitted to specialist palliative care units report constipation, but about 75% of the patients will require laxatives. Unlike for pain, no generally accepted and widely disseminated management guidelines are available. Effective prophylaxis and cause-based therapy do improve the alimentary condition and can help to prevent the transition to ileus situations. Effective symptom management presupposes exact knowledge of the pharmacokinetics.
在肿瘤患者的诸多主诉中，便秘及其各种可能并发症的重要性常常被低估，尽管在晚期癌症患者中，大便管理困难比其他终末期疾病患者更为常见。未经治疗的便秘患者会出现恶心和呕吐，还可能发展为小肠麻痹。在专科姑息治疗病房收治的所有患者中，约有一半报告有便秘，但约75%的患者需要使用泻药。与疼痛不同，目前尚无普遍接受且广泛传播的管理指南。有效的预防和基于病因的治疗确实可以改善消化状况，并有助于防止转变为肠梗阻情况。有效的症状管理以对药代动力学的确切了解为前提。
