Castillo C, Mardones J, Villagra E
Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco.
Rev Med Chil. 2000 Jul;128(7):735-9.
An outbreak of Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HVCS) caused by the Andes virus, affected Chile since 1995. Antibodies to Hantavirus in health care workers who had cared patients with HVCS in Coybaique, Argentinean reports and familial clustering of bantaviral illness, raised the possibility of person to person transmission. Familial clustering could occur secondary to a similar exposure to a common infected environment of more than one member of the family. Moreover, the prevalence of antibodies in health care workers in Coyhaique does not differ from the prevalence in general population in that region.
To study the prevalence of antibodies to Hantavirus in health care workers exposed to body fluids of 20 patients.
Among health care workers exposed to patients with HVCS, we registered information about the exposure to patients and to the environment outside the hospital in which they could have been infected. IgG antibodies against Hantavirus were measured by ELISA using two dilutions.
Sixty seven workers were studied. Of these, 73% were exposed to respiratory secretions and blood, 21% to blood and 6% to respiratory secretions. Only 6% protected themselves properly, 49% used facial masks and gloves, 25% only facial masks, 7% only gloves and 12% used no protection measures. In none of these workers, Hantavirus antibodies were detected.
These results are supporting evidence against person to person transmission of the Andes virus.
自1995年以来，由安第斯病毒引起的汉坦病毒心肺综合征（HVCS）疫情在智利爆发。阿根廷报告称，在科伊瓦伊克照顾过HVCS患者的医护人员体内检测到汉坦病毒抗体，以及汉坦病毒病的家族聚集现象，增加了人际传播的可能性。家族聚集可能是由于一个家庭的多名成员接触了相同的受感染环境所致。此外，科伊瓦伊克医护人员中抗体的流行率与该地区普通人群的流行率并无差异。
研究接触20名患者体液的医护人员中汉坦病毒抗体的流行情况。
在接触HVCS患者的医护人员中，我们记录了他们接触患者以及可能感染的医院外环境的信息。使用两种稀释度通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法检测针对汉坦病毒的IgG抗体。
共研究了67名医护人员。其中，73%的人接触过呼吸道分泌物和血液，21%的人接触过血液，6%的人接触过呼吸道分泌物。只有6%的人采取了适当的防护措施，49%的人使用了口罩和手套，25%的人只使用了口罩，7%的人只使用了手套，12%的人未采取任何防护措施。在这些医护人员中均未检测到汉坦病毒抗体。
这些结果为反对安第斯病毒人际传播提供了支持性证据。
