Heinz F X, Allison S L
Institute of Virology, University of Vienna, Austria.
Adv Virus Res. 2000;55:231-69. doi: 10.1016/s0065-3527(00)55005-2.
This chapter focuses on the work carried out with tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus, the structurally best characterized of the flaviviruses. The data is related to those obtained with other flaviviruses, which are assumed to have a conserved structural organization, and compare the characteristics of flavivirus fusion to those of other enveloped viruses. Fusion proteins from several different virus families, including , , , and have been shown to exhibit striking structural similarities; they all use a common mechanism for inducing membrane fusion, and the same general model applies to all of these cases. The flavivirus genome is a positive-stranded RNA molecule consisting of a single, long open reading frame of more than 10,000 nucleotides flanked by noncoding regions at the 5′ and 3′ ends. The fusion properties of flaviviruses have been investigated using several different assay systems, including virus-induced cell–cell fusion and virus–liposome fusion. All of these studies indicate that flaviviruses require an acidic pH for fusion, consistent with their proposed mode of entry.
本章重点介绍了对蜱传脑炎（TBE）病毒所开展的研究工作，TBE病毒是黄病毒属中结构特征最为明确的病毒。这些数据与通过其他黄病毒获得的数据相关，假定其他黄病毒具有保守的结构组织，并将黄病毒融合的特征与其他包膜病毒的特征进行比较。来自几个不同病毒家族的融合蛋白，包括……（此处原文未完整列出病毒家族名称），已显示出惊人的结构相似性；它们都使用共同的机制诱导膜融合，并且相同的一般模型适用于所有这些情况。黄病毒基因组是一个正链RNA分子，由一个超过10000个核苷酸的单一长开放阅读框组成，两侧是5′和3′端的非编码区。已使用几种不同的检测系统研究了黄病毒的融合特性，包括病毒诱导的细胞间融合和病毒-脂质体融合。所有这些研究表明，黄病毒融合需要酸性pH值，这与其提出的进入模式一致。
