Bennell K, Khan K, McKay H
Centre for Sports Medicine Research and Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Man Ther. 2000 Nov;5(4):198-213. doi: 10.1054/math.2000.0369.
Osteoporosis is an increasing public health problem that causes loss of life and reduced quality of life in sufferers. Strategies to improve bone density and reduce the likelihood of falls are important in the prevention of osteoporosis. Physiotherapists have a role to play in this condition through exercise prescription, therapeutic modalities, specific techniques and education. Appropriate treatment goals can be established following a thorough assessment of signs and symptoms, risk factors for osteoporosis and functional status. Levels of bone density measured from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry can help guide patient management. Since the aim is to maximize peak bone mass in children and adolescents, participation in a variety of high-impact activities should be encouraged. In the middle adult years, small increases in bone mass may be achieved by structured weight-training and weight-bearing exercise. In the older adult years, particularly if osteopenia or osteoporosis is present, the aim is to conserve bone mass, reduce the risk of falls, promote extended posture, reduce pain, and improve mobility and function.
骨质疏松症是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题，它会导致患者死亡并降低其生活质量。提高骨密度和降低跌倒可能性的策略对于预防骨质疏松症至关重要。物理治疗师可通过运动处方、治疗方式、特定技术和教育在这种病症的治疗中发挥作用。在对体征和症状、骨质疏松症风险因素及功能状态进行全面评估后，可确立适当的治疗目标。通过双能X线吸收法测量的骨密度水平有助于指导患者管理。由于目标是使儿童和青少年的峰值骨量最大化，应鼓励他们参与各种高强度活动。在中年时期，通过有组织的重量训练和负重运动可使骨量略有增加。在老年时期，特别是存在骨质减少或骨质疏松症时，目标是保持骨量、降低跌倒风险、促进伸展姿势、减轻疼痛并改善活动能力和功能。
