Simmons G, Martin D, Stewart J, Bremner D
Auckland Healthcare Public Health Protection, New Zealand.
Epidemiol Infect. 2000 Aug;125(1):99-104. doi: 10.1017/s095026889900415x.
Carriage of Neisseria lactamica among household contacts of meningococcal disease (MCD) cases was investigated during an epidemic in Auckland, New Zealand. The overall carriage rate for N. lactamica was 10.5% (95% CI 7.4-13.5%) with a peak carriage rate in 2-year-olds of 61.5% (95% CI 26.6-88.1%). Factors associated with a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the likelihood of carriage included runny nose, the number of people per bedroom and youth. Genetic analysis of isolates revealed a striking correlation of strains within the same household but a high level of diversity between households, suggesting that household contact is an important factor in acquisition. For household contacts aged less than 5 years, there was a higher rate of carriage amongst those in contact with MCD cases under 8 years old than for contacts of cases aged 8 years and over. It is likely that development of MCD is a reflection of the nature and intensity of the exposure to a virulent strain of N. meningitidis, coupled with an absence of host resistance among those individuals not carrying N. lactamica.
在新西兰奥克兰的一次疫情期间，对脑膜炎球菌病（MCD）病例的家庭接触者中乳酸奈瑟菌的携带情况进行了调查。乳酸奈瑟菌的总体携带率为10.5%（95%置信区间7.4 - 13.5%），2岁儿童的携带率峰值为61.5%（95%置信区间26.6 - 88.1%）。与携带可能性显著增加（P < 0.05）相关的因素包括流鼻涕、每间卧室的人数和年轻人。对分离株的基因分析显示，同一家庭内的菌株存在显著相关性，但家庭之间的多样性水平较高，这表明家庭接触是感染的一个重要因素。对于5岁以下的家庭接触者，与8岁以下MCD病例接触的人群中的携带率高于与8岁及以上病例接触的人群。MCD的发生可能反映了接触毒力强的脑膜炎奈瑟菌菌株的性质和强度，以及那些未携带乳酸奈瑟菌的个体缺乏宿主抵抗力。
