Stuart J M, Cartwright K A, Robinson P M, Noah N D
Department of Public Health Medicine, Gloucester Health Authority.
Lancet. 1989 Sep 23;2(8665):723-5. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(89)90781-2.
A case-control study was done to examine whether certain environmental or medical factors were associated with meningococcal carriage. Questionnaires were posted to 138 meningococcal carriers and their controls, and to 52 carriers of Neisseria lactamica and their controls. Carriers were matched to controls by age, sex, and area of residence. The overall response rate was 89%. There were no differences in environmental or medical factors between N lactamica carriers and their controls, nor in household crowding, housing conditions, frequency of physical exercise, or upper respiratory disorders between meningococcal carriers and their controls. Active smoking and the presence of other smokers in the household were independently associated with meningococcal carriage; the risk of carriage increased significantly with heavier smoking.
开展了一项病例对照研究，以检查某些环境或医学因素是否与脑膜炎球菌携带有关。向138名脑膜炎球菌携带者及其对照、以及52名乳酸奈瑟菌携带者及其对照发放了调查问卷。根据年龄、性别和居住地区将携带者与对照进行匹配。总体回复率为89%。乳酸奈瑟菌携带者与其对照在环境或医学因素方面没有差异，脑膜炎球菌携带者与其对照在家庭拥挤程度、住房条件、体育锻炼频率或上呼吸道疾病方面也没有差异。主动吸烟以及家中有其他吸烟者与脑膜炎球菌携带独立相关；携带风险随着吸烟量增加而显著上升。
