Gutiérrez G, Ganfornina M D, Sánchez D
Departmento de Genética, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Oct 18;1482(1-2):35-45. doi: 10.1016/s0167-4838(00)00151-5.
The lipocalins constitute a family of proteins that have been found in eubacteria and a variety of eukaryotic cells, where they play diverse physiological roles. It is the primary goal of this review to examine the patterns of change followed by lipocalins through their complex history, in order to stimulate scientists in the field to experimentally contrast our phylogeny-derived hypotheses. We reexamine our previous work on lipocalin phylogeny and update the phylogenetic analysis of the family. Lipocalins separate into 14 monophyletic clades, some of which are grouped in well supported superclades. The lipocalin tree was rooted with the bacterial lipocalin genes under the assumption that they have evolved from a single common ancestor with the metazoan lipocalins, and not by horizontal transfer. The topology of the rooted tree and the species distribution of lipocalins suggest that the newly arising lipocalins show a higher rate of amino acid sequence divergence, a higher rate of gene duplication, and their internal pocket has evolved towards binding smaller hydrophobic ligands with more efficiency.
脂质运载蛋白构成了一类蛋白质，已在真细菌和多种真核细胞中发现，它们在其中发挥着多种生理作用。本综述的主要目的是研究脂质运载蛋白在其复杂历史中所遵循的变化模式，以激励该领域的科学家通过实验对比我们从系统发育推导得出的假设。我们重新审视了之前关于脂质运载蛋白系统发育的工作，并更新了该家族的系统发育分析。脂质运载蛋白可分为14个单系分支，其中一些分支聚集在得到充分支持的超分支中。脂质运载蛋白树以细菌脂质运载蛋白基因为根，前提是它们与后生动物脂质运载蛋白起源于单一共同祖先，而非通过水平转移。有根树的拓扑结构和脂质运载蛋白的物种分布表明，新出现的脂质运载蛋白显示出更高的氨基酸序列分歧率、更高的基因重复率，并且它们的内部口袋已朝着更有效地结合较小疏水配体的方向进化。
