Rapuri P B, Gallagher J C, Balhorn K E, Ryschon K L
Bone Metabolism Unit and the Cardiac Center, Creighton University, School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68131, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Nov;72(5):1206-13. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/72.5.1206.
Published reports on the effect of alcohol consumption on bone mineral density (BMD) are inconsistent.
The objective of this study was to examine the relation between alcohol intake and BMD, calcitropic hormones, calcium absorption, and other biochemical indexes of bone and mineral metabolism in elderly women.
The results presented are derived from baseline observations of 489 elderly women (aged 65-77 y) recruited for an osteoporosis study. The nondrinking group comprised 297 women and the drinking group comprised 148 women. Furthermore, the effect of different alcohol intakes (</=28.6, >28.6 to </=57.2, >57.2 to </=142.9, and >142.9 g/wk) was studied.
Women who consumed alcohol had significantly higher spine (10%), total body (4.5%), and midradius (6%) BMD than did nondrinkers. An alcohol intake >28.6 g/wk was associated with higher BMD; maximum effect was seen with an intake of >28.6 to </=57.2 g/wk (16%, 12%, and 14% increase in spine, total body, and midradius BMD, respectively). There was a marked reduction in bone remodeling markers, serum osteocalcin, and the ratio of urinary cross-linked N:-telopeptides of type 1 collagen to creatinine with alcohol consumption, suggesting that increased BMD with alcohol consumption could be due to reduced bone remodeling. Further, serum parathyroid hormone concentrations were significantly lower in alcohol drinkers than in nondrinkers and could be one of the causes of decreased bone resorption.
Moderate alcohol intake was associated with higher BMD in postmenopausal elderly women. The protective effect of alcohol may have been a result of lower bone remodeling due to reduced parathyroid hormone concentrations or factors such as increased estrogen concentrations.
关于饮酒对骨密度（BMD）影响的已发表报告并不一致。
本研究的目的是探讨老年女性酒精摄入量与骨密度、促钙激素、钙吸收以及骨与矿物质代谢的其他生化指标之间的关系。
所呈现的结果源自为一项骨质疏松症研究招募的489名老年女性（年龄65 - 77岁）的基线观察数据。不饮酒组包括297名女性，饮酒组包括148名女性。此外，还研究了不同酒精摄入量（≤28.6、>28.6至≤57.2、>57.2至≤142.9以及>142.9克/周）的影响。
饮酒女性的脊柱骨密度（高10%）、全身骨密度（高4.5%）和桡骨中段骨密度（高6%）显著高于不饮酒者。每周酒精摄入量>28.6克与较高的骨密度相关；摄入量>28.6至≤57.2克/周时效果最佳（脊柱、全身和桡骨中段骨密度分别增加16%、12%和14%）。饮酒会使骨重塑标志物、血清骨钙素以及尿Ⅰ型胶原交联N - 端肽与肌酐的比值显著降低，这表明饮酒导致骨密度增加可能是由于骨重塑减少。此外，饮酒者的血清甲状旁腺激素浓度显著低于不饮酒者，这可能是骨吸收减少的原因之一。
绝经后老年女性适度饮酒与较高的骨密度相关。酒精的保护作用可能是由于甲状旁腺激素浓度降低或雌激素浓度升高等因素导致骨重塑减少的结果。
