Brand S, Poneros J M, Bouma B E, Tearney G J, Compton C C, Nishioka N S
Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114, USA.
Endoscopy. 2000 Oct;32(10):796-803. doi: 10.1055/s-2000-7714.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a high-resolution, cross-sectional optical imaging technique that allows in situ imaging of tissue by measuring back-reflected light. OCT provides images in real time with a resolution approaching that of conventional histopathology, but without the need for tissue removal. OCT imaging can be performed endoscopically to visualize gastrointestinal tissue using a fiberoptic catheter passed through the instrument channel of a conventional endoscope. The resolution of OCT allows visualization of the different layers of gastrointestinal epithelium and the differentiation of Barrett's epithelium from normal gastric and squamous mucosa. OCT has also been used to image esophageal adenocarcinoma and colonic polyps. Recent developments include Doppler OCT, spectroscopic OCT, and ultrahigh-resolution OCT, which can visualize nuclei within single cells. Although still in its infancy as a clinical tool, OCT currently provides high-resolution images over the same imaging depth as conventional mucosal biopsy, and may prove to be a useful and minimally invasive technique for evaluating gastrointestinal tissue, particularly for early neoplastic changes.
光学相干断层扫描（OCT）是一种高分辨率的横断面光学成像技术，它通过测量背向反射光来实现组织的原位成像。OCT能够实时提供分辨率接近传统组织病理学的图像，但无需进行组织切除。可以通过将光纤导管穿过传统内窥镜的器械通道进行内窥镜OCT成像，以可视化胃肠道组织。OCT的分辨率能够使胃肠道上皮的不同层可视化，并区分巴雷特上皮与正常胃黏膜和鳞状黏膜。OCT还被用于食管腺癌和结肠息肉的成像。最近的进展包括多普勒OCT、光谱OCT和超高分辨率OCT，它们能够可视化单个细胞内的细胞核。尽管OCT作为一种临床工具仍处于起步阶段，但目前它能在与传统黏膜活检相同的成像深度上提供高分辨率图像，并且可能被证明是一种用于评估胃肠道组织的有用且微创的技术，特别是对于早期肿瘤性改变。
