Fahlbusch B, Hornung D, Heinrich J, Dahse H M, Jäger L
Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Clinical Immunology, Jena, Germany.
Clin Exp Allergy. 2000 Nov;30(11):1645-52. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2000.00926.x.
It is widely known and accepted that grass pollen is a major outdoor cause of hay fever. However, it is of virtual importance for grass pollen allergic patients with symptoms all the year round to know the concentration of grass pollen allergens in their homes.
The main objective of this study was to quantify the amount of grass pollen allergen in mass units (microg Phl p 5) in dust settled indoors and to detect the distribution of allergenic activity in different sampling locations of homes. Furthermore, we studied the seasonal fluctuation of allergen content in dust samples.
We adapted the two site binding assay for detection of group 5 grass pollen allergens in samples from randomly selected homes in Hamburg (n = 371), Erfurt (n = 396), Hettstedt (n = 353), Zerbst (n = 289) and Bitterfeld (n = 226), Germany. Dust samples were collected from floor of living room (LR), bedroom (BR) or children's room (CR) and mattress (MA) during period of June 1995 to August 1998. The amount of the major grass group 5 allergens was detected in microg/g dust.
Phl p 5 was detected in 67% of the samples analysed (n = 4760). The range was between undetectable (< 0.03 microg/g dust) and 81 microg/g dust. Phl p 5 levels were significantly higher in the dust from LR (geometric mean 0.117 microg/g dust) or BR/CR floors (geometric mean 0.098 microg/g dust) than in mattresses (geometric mean 0.043 microg/g dust). We observed seasonal fluctuation of indoor Phl p 5 levels with peak in June but also annual differences. Thus Phl p 5 content indoors reflects also the different quantities of pollen counts of annual courses. During pollination period we found two times higher Phl p 5 levels (0.172 microg/g dust, P < 0.001) than outside of grass pollination season (0.095 microg/g dust). The indoor Phl p 5 levels outside of season seem to be independent of pollination before. We suppose that settled pollen grains or allergenic material from outdoor particles carried indoors via footwear and clothes accumulates in house dust.
Although we not known how the allergens in settled dust are equilibrated with those in the air, the considerable high level of Phl p 5 in indoor dust even during periods when no grass pollen is present in the atmosphere may be an important cause of pollen-allergy symptoms outside of season.
众所周知且被广泛认可的是，草花粉是花粉症的主要户外致病因素。然而，对于常年有症状的草花粉过敏患者而言，了解家中草花粉过敏原的浓度至关重要。
本研究的主要目的是定量测定室内沉降灰尘中草花粉过敏原的质量单位含量（微克Phl p 5），并检测其在家庭不同采样地点的变应原活性分布。此外，我们还研究了灰尘样本中过敏原含量的季节性波动情况。
我们采用两点结合分析法，对德国汉堡（n = 371）、爱尔福特（n = 396）、黑特斯泰特（n = 353）、策尔布斯特（n = 289）和比特费尔德（n = 226）随机选取的家庭样本中的5组草花粉过敏原进行检测。在1995年6月至1998年8月期间，从客厅（LR）、卧室（BR）或儿童房（CR）的地板以及床垫（MA）上采集灰尘样本。以微克/克灰尘为单位检测主要的5组草花粉过敏原的含量。
在分析的67%的样本（n = 4760）中检测到了Phl p 5。其含量范围在检测不到（< 0.03微克/克灰尘）至81微克/克灰尘之间。客厅地板（几何平均值为0.117微克/克灰尘）或卧室/儿童房地板（几何平均值为0.098微克/克灰尘）上的灰尘中Phl p 5水平显著高于床垫上的（几何平均值为0.043微克/克灰尘）。我们观察到室内Phl p 5水平存在季节性波动，6月达到峰值，同时也存在年度差异。因此，室内Phl p 5含量也反映了年度花粉计数的不同数量。在授粉期，我们发现Phl p 5水平（0.172微克/克灰尘，P < 0.001）是草花粉授粉季节之外（0.095微克/克灰尘）的两倍。非授粉季节的室内Phl p 5水平似乎与之前的授粉情况无关。我们推测，通过鞋子和衣物携带到室内的室外颗粒中的沉降花粉粒或变应原物质会在室内灰尘中积累。
尽管我们尚不清楚沉降灰尘中的过敏原与空气中的过敏原是如何达到平衡的，但即使在大气中不存在草花粉的时期，室内灰尘中Phl p 5的相当高水平可能是季节外花粉过敏症状的一个重要原因。
