Rybakowski J K
Department of Adult Psychiatry, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Pharmacopsychiatry. 2000 Sep;33(5):159-64.
Experimental and clinical data pointing to antiviral and immunomodulatory effects of lithium have been reviewed in the context of new information accumulated in the last recent two decades, indicating a possible pathogenic role of viral infection and/or immune dysfunction in affective illness. Antiviral effects of lithium, particularly against herpes viruses, was demonstrated in both experimental and clinical conditions. Patients with affective illness taking lithium for prophylactic purposes have a greatly reduced frequency of labial herpes recurrences. The therapeutic action of oral and topical lithium administration on labial and genital herpes was also demonstrated in non-affective subjects. In both experimental conditions and in clinical studies with affective patients, lithium was shown to exert favorable effects on many parameters of cellular and humoral immunity. The evidence was also presented that lithium may alleviate the immune-endocrine component concomitant to an acute affective episode, such as acute phase reaction, cytokine secretion and hyperactivation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. It is speculated that the antiviral and immunomodulatory properties of lithium may contribute to psychotropic actions of this ionic drug, especially prevention of recurrences in affective illness.
在过去二十年积累的新信息背景下，对指向锂的抗病毒和免疫调节作用的实验及临床数据进行了综述，这些信息表明病毒感染和/或免疫功能障碍在情感性疾病中可能具有致病作用。锂的抗病毒作用，特别是对疱疹病毒的作用，在实验和临床条件下均得到证实。为预防目的服用锂的情感性疾病患者唇疱疹复发频率大幅降低。口服和局部应用锂对非情感性受试者的唇疱疹和生殖器疱疹的治疗作用也得到了证实。在实验条件以及对情感性疾病患者的临床研究中，锂均显示出对细胞免疫和体液免疫的许多参数具有有利影响。还有证据表明，锂可能减轻与急性情感发作相关的免疫内分泌成分，如急性期反应、细胞因子分泌和下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺轴的过度激活。据推测，锂的抗病毒和免疫调节特性可能有助于这种离子药物的精神otropic作用，尤其是预防情感性疾病的复发。
