Lipkus I M, Lyna P R, Rimer B K
Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 1999 Mar;1(1):77-85. doi: 10.1080/14622299050011181.
This prospective randomized study examined the impact of three tailored intervention approaches to increase quitting rates among African-American smokers who were clients of a community health center that serves primarily low-income and indigent persons. Smokers were randomized to one of three groups: (1) health care provider prompting intervention alone, (2) health care provider prompting intervention with tailored print communications, and (3) health care provider prompting intervention with tailored print communications and tailored telephone counseling. Among the 160 smokers who completed the study, 35 (21.8%) had quit smoking at follow-up. Smokers who received the provider prompting intervention with tailored print materials were more likely to report having quit than smokers who received the provider intervention alone (32.7% vs. 13.2%, p < 0.05). Smokers who received all three intervention components were not more likely to report having quit at follow-up than those who only received the provider intervention (19.2% vs. 13.2%). Smokers who at baseline were less educated, smoked less than half a pack of cigarettes per day, had a stronger desire to quit, felt more efficacious, and had thought about quitting were more likely to report having quit at follow-up. These results provide support for continued refinement of tailored communications to aid smoking cessation among African-American smokers.
这项前瞻性随机研究考察了三种针对性干预方法对提高非裔美国吸烟者戒烟率的影响，这些吸烟者是一家主要服务低收入和贫困人群的社区卫生中心的客户。吸烟者被随机分为三组：（1）仅由医疗服务提供者进行劝诫干预；（2）由医疗服务提供者进行劝诫干预并提供针对性的印刷宣传材料；（3）由医疗服务提供者进行劝诫干预并提供针对性的印刷宣传材料和针对性的电话咨询。在完成研究的160名吸烟者中，35人（21.8%）在随访时已戒烟。与仅接受医疗服务提供者干预的吸烟者相比，接受医疗服务提供者劝诫干预并获得针对性印刷材料的吸烟者更有可能报告已戒烟（32.7%对13.2%，p<0.05）。接受所有三种干预措施的吸烟者在随访时报告已戒烟的可能性并不比仅接受医疗服务提供者干预的吸烟者更高（19.2%对13.2%）。在基线时受教育程度较低、每天吸烟少于半包、戒烟意愿较强、感觉更有成效且曾考虑过戒烟的吸烟者在随访时更有可能报告已戒烟。这些结果为持续完善针对性宣传以帮助非裔美国吸烟者戒烟提供了支持。
