Dose M, Tempel H D
BKH Taufkirchen, Germany.
Pharmacopsychiatry. 2000 Sep;33 Suppl 1:43-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2000-7583.
Anticholinergics are widely used to treat extrapyramidal motor symptoms caused by neuroleptics or other drugs with antidopaminergic (dopamine D2) effects. In the medical literature, occasional reports are concerned with the abuse of centrally acting anticholinergic compounds. These drugs may be abused because of their stimulant effects, mostly by patients on neuroleptic treatment. Their supposed "euphoric" effect when too quickly parenterally administered (only after previous treatment with neuroleptics) seems to consist in the abolition of neuroleptic-induced anhedonia. In a few patients, excessive use of anticholinergics persists in the face of detrimental effects and is, therefore, properly termed "abuse". More commonly, however, patients with schizophrenia take more than the recommended dose of anticholinergics in an attempt to treat the adverse effects of neuroleptics. The abuse of anticholinergics in addicts who are not using neuroleptics is low.
抗胆碱能药物被广泛用于治疗由抗精神病药物或其他具有抗多巴胺能（多巴胺D2）作用的药物引起的锥体外系运动症状。在医学文献中，偶尔有关于滥用中枢性抗胆碱能化合物的报道。这些药物可能因其兴奋作用而被滥用，主要是接受抗精神病治疗的患者。当快速胃肠外给药时（仅在先前接受抗精神病药物治疗后），它们所谓的“欣快”效应似乎在于消除抗精神病药物引起的快感缺失。在少数患者中，尽管有有害影响，仍持续过度使用抗胆碱能药物，因此可恰当地称为“滥用”。然而，更常见的情况是，精神分裂症患者为了治疗抗精神病药物的不良反应而服用超过推荐剂量的抗胆碱能药物。在未使用抗精神病药物的成瘾者中，抗胆碱能药物的滥用情况较少。
