An immunoelectron study of karyosphere and nuclear bodies in oocytes of mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: polyphaga).

The karyosphere and nuclear bodies (NBs) were studied in Tenebrio molitor oocytes using immunoelectron cytochemistry. During early diplotene (previtellogenic stage), oocyte chromosomes begin to unite in a small nuclear volume forming the karyosphere. In vitellogenic oocyte nuclei, the chromatin undergoes condensation, and the karyosphere acquires a ring-shaped structure. The karyosphere is the only structure containing DNA in the oocyte nucleus. Pre-mRNA splicing factors [small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) and SC35] are not found in the karyosphere itself. In previtellogenic oocyte nuclei, these factors are present in NBs and in a fibrogranular substance surrounding the chromosomes in the early stages of karyosphere formation. At this stage, larger fibrillar NBs contain the non-snRNP splicing factor SC35. Smaller roundish NBs were shown to contain snRNPs. Some NBs with the same morphology contain neither snRNPs nor SC35. In the vitellogenic oocyte, there are fibrogranular NBs containing both snRNPs and SC35 splicing factors, fibrillar NBs containing snRNPs only, and complex NBs containing both. Complex NBs are often connected with the ring-shaped karyosphere. Based on the obtained immunoelectron data, we suggest that T. molitor oocyte NBs containing both snRNPs and the non-snRNP splicing factor SC35 are homologs of the well-characterized B-snurposomes in amphibian germinal vesicles and clusters of interchromatin granules in mammalian oocyte nuclei. Other NBs containing only snRNPs are suggested to represent a special class of insect oocyte snurposomes. The nuclear organelles mentioned seem to play a role as storage domains for pre-mRNA splicing factors during T. molitor oogenesis.