Vittoria A, Costagliola A, Carrese E, Mayer B, Cecio A
Department of Biological Structures, Functions and Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Italy.
Arch Histol Cytol. 2000 Oct;63(4):357-68. doi: 10.1679/aohc.63.357.
The presence and distribution of nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPH-d)-containing neurons have been studied by means of NADPH-d histochemistry in different regions of the adult cow gut, from the esophagus to the rectum. NADPH-d and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were constantly recognized to be colocalized in the same neuron. The colocalization of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and galanin in such nitrergic neurons was also studied by means of combined histochemical and immunofluorescence techniques. NADPH-d-positive neurons were present along the myenteric plexus of the entire gut, and in the submucous plexus from the abomasum to the rectum. Notably, they formed two types of nerve networks in the submucous connective tissue of the jejunum-ileum. NADPH-d-positive innervation of the muscle layers occurred throughout the tract, and sometimes a clear correspondence was noted between the number of reactive fibres and the thickness of the muscle. Nitrergic fibres also occurred in the mucosa and often were in relation to glands and blood vessels. The nitrergic neurons varied in size, shape, and intensity of staining, and often their terminals were seen to surround unstained perikarya. Various types of neurons were recognized on the basis of their chemical content; one of them contained galanin, VIP and NOS simultaneously. The present results suggest that the nitrergic neurons of the bovine gastrointestinal tract play roles presumably for controlling the motility of the gut and the conduction of interneuronal impulses.
已通过烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸黄递酶（NADPH-d）组织化学方法，对成年母牛从食管至直肠的不同肠道区域中含NADPH-d的神经元的存在及分布进行了研究。NADPH-d和一氧化氮合酶（NOS）始终被认定共定位于同一神经元中。还通过联合组织化学和免疫荧光技术，研究了血管活性肠肽（VIP）和甘丙肽在这类含氮能神经元中的共定位情况。NADPH-d阳性神经元存在于整个肠道的肌间神经丛以及从皱胃至直肠的黏膜下神经丛中。值得注意的是，它们在空肠-回肠的黏膜下结缔组织中形成了两种类型的神经网络。肌肉层的NADPH-d阳性神经支配贯穿整个肠道，有时可观察到反应性纤维的数量与肌肉厚度之间存在明显对应关系。含氮能纤维也存在于黏膜中，且常与腺体和血管有关。含氮能神经元在大小、形状和染色强度方面存在差异，其终末常可见围绕未染色的核周体。根据化学含量可识别出多种类型的神经元；其中一种同时含有甘丙肽、VIP和NOS。目前的结果表明，牛胃肠道的含氮能神经元可能在控制肠道运动和中间神经元冲动传导方面发挥作用。
