Barbiers M, Timmermans J P, Scheuermann D W, Adriaensen D, Mayer B, De Groodt-Lasseel M H
Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Belgium.
Histochemistry. 1993 Jul;100(1):27-34. doi: 10.1007/BF00268875.
The distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), an enzyme involved in the synthesis of the presumed non-adrenergic noncholinergic inhibitory neurotransmitter nitric oxide (NO), was demonstrated in the enteric nervous system of the porcine caecum, colon and rectum. Techniques used were NOS-immunocytochemistry and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPHd)-histochemistry. Throughout the entire large intestine, NOS-immunoreactive (IR) and NADPHd-positive neurons were abundant in the myenteric and outer submucous plexus. In the inner submucous plexus, only a small number of positive neurons were found in the caecum and colon, while a moderate number was observed in the rectum. The nitrergic neurons in the porcine enteric nerve plexuses were of a range of sizes and shapes, with a small proportion showing immunostaining for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Varicose and non-varicose NOS-IR and NADPHd-positive nerve fibres were present in the ganglia and connecting strands of all three plexuses. Nerve fibres were also numerous in the circular muscle layer, scarce in the longitudinal muscle coat and negligible in the mucosal region. The abundance of NOS/NADPHd in the intrinsic innervation of the caecum, colon and rectum of the pig implicates NO as an important neuronal messenger in these regions of the gastrointestinal tract.
一氧化氮合酶（NOS）是一种参与合成假定的非肾上腺素能非胆碱能抑制性神经递质一氧化氮（NO）的酶，其分布情况在猪盲肠、结肠和直肠的肠神经系统中得到了证实。所采用的技术是NOS免疫细胞化学和烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸黄递酶（NADPHd）组织化学。在整个大肠中，肌间神经丛和外黏膜下神经丛中富含NOS免疫反应性（IR）和NADPHd阳性神经元。在内黏膜下神经丛中，仅在盲肠和结肠中发现少量阳性神经元，而在直肠中观察到中等数量的阳性神经元。猪肠神经丛中的氮能神经元大小和形状各异，一小部分显示血管活性肠肽免疫染色。所有三个神经丛的神经节和连接索中均存在有曲张和无曲张的NOS-IR和NADPHd阳性神经纤维。环形肌层中神经纤维也很多，纵肌层中稀少，黏膜区域中可忽略不计。猪盲肠、结肠和直肠固有神经支配中NOS/NADPHd的丰富表明NO是胃肠道这些区域中的一种重要神经信使。
