Resnick B, Zimmerman S I, Orwig D, Furstenberg A L, Magaziner J
School of Nursing, University of Maryland at Baltimore 21201, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2000 Nov;55(6):S352-6. doi: 10.1093/geronb/55.6.s352.
The purpose of this study was to develop a measure of outcome expectations for exercise specifically for the older adult (The Outcome Expectations for Exercise [OEE] Scale), and to test the reliability and validity of this measure in a sample of older individuals. This scale was developed based on Bandura's theory of self-efficacy and the work of prior researchers in the development of measures of outcome expectations.
The OEE scale, which was completed during a face-to-face interview, was tested in a sample of 175 residents in a continuing care retirement community.
There was support for the internal consistency of the OEE scale (alpha coefficient of .89), and some support for reliability based on a structural equation modeling approach that used R2 estimates, although less than half of these were greater than 0.5. There was evidence of validity of the measure based on: (a) a confirmatory factor analysis in which the model fit the data (normed fit index [NFI] = .99, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] - .07, chi2/df = 2.8); (b) support for the hypothesis that those who exercised regularly had higher OEE scores than those who did not (F = 31.3, p < .05, eta squared = .15); and (c) a statistically significant relationship between outcome expectations and self-efficacy expectations (r = .66).
This study provides some initial support for the reliability and validity of the OEE scale. Outcome expectations for exercise were related to exercise behavior in the older adult, and the OEE scale can help identify older adults with low outcome expectations for exercise. Interventions can then be implemented to help these individuals strengthen their outcome expectations, which may subsequently improve exercise behavior.
本研究旨在开发一种专门针对老年人的运动结果期望测量工具（运动结果期望量表[OEE量表]），并在老年人群样本中检验该测量工具的信效度。该量表是基于班杜拉的自我效能理论以及先前研究人员在开发结果期望测量工具方面的工作而制定的。
OEE量表在面对面访谈期间完成，在一个持续照料退休社区的175名居民样本中进行了测试。
有证据支持OEE量表的内部一致性（α系数为0.89），并且基于使用R2估计值的结构方程建模方法，对信度也有一定支持，尽管其中不到一半大于0.5。有证据表明该测量工具具有效度，基于：（a）验证性因素分析，其中模型拟合数据（规范拟合指数[NFI]=0.99，近似均方根误差[RMSEA]=0.07，卡方/自由度=2.8）；（b）支持以下假设，即经常锻炼的人比不锻炼的人有更高的OEE分数（F=31.3，p<0.05，偏 eta 平方=0.15）；以及（c）结果期望与自我效能期望之间存在统计学上的显著关系（r=0.66）。
本研究为OEE量表的信效度提供了一些初步支持。运动结果期望与老年人的运动行为相关，OEE量表可以帮助识别对运动结果期望较低的老年人。然后可以实施干预措施来帮助这些人增强他们的结果期望，这可能随后改善运动行为。
