Tarnopolsky M A
Dept of Neurology/Neurological Rehabilitation, McMaster University Medical Center, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2000 Nov;3(6):497-502. doi: 10.1097/00075197-200011000-00013.
Creatine plays a role in cellular energy metabolism and potentially has a role in protein metabolism. Creatine monohydrate supplementation has been shown to result in an increase in skeletal muscle total and phosphocreatine concentration, increase fat-free mass, and enhance high-intensity exercise performance in young healthy men and women. Recent evidence has also demonstrated a neuroprotective effect of creatine monohydrate supplementation in animal models of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and after ischemia. A low total and phosphocreatine concentration has been reported in human skeletal muscle from aged individuals and those with neuromuscular disorders. A few studies of creatine monohydrate supplementation in the elderly have not shown convincing evidence of a beneficial effect with respect to muscle mass and/or function. Future studies will be required to address the potential for creatine monohydrate supplementation to attenuate age-related muscle atrophy and strength loss, as well as to protect against age-dependent neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
肌酸在细胞能量代谢中发挥作用，并且可能在蛋白质代谢中也起作用。已表明补充一水肌酸可导致年轻健康男性和女性的骨骼肌总量和磷酸肌酸浓度增加、去脂体重增加，并增强高强度运动表现。最近的证据还证明，在帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症的动物模型以及缺血后，补充一水肌酸具有神经保护作用。据报道，老年人和患有神经肌肉疾病者的人体骨骼肌中总肌酸和磷酸肌酸浓度较低。一些针对老年人补充一水肌酸的研究并未显示出关于肌肉质量和/或功能有益效果的令人信服的证据。未来需要开展研究，以探讨补充一水肌酸减轻与年龄相关的肌肉萎缩和力量丧失的可能性，以及预防诸如帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病等与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病。
