Nacry P, Mayer U, Jürgens G
ZMBP Entwicklungsgenetik, Universität Tübingen, Germany.
Plant Mol Biol. 2000 Aug;43(5-6):719-33. doi: 10.1023/a:1006457723760.
Higher plants have evolved specific mechanisms for partitioning the cytoplasm of dividing cells. In the predominant mode of phragmoplast-assisted cytokinesis, a cell wall and flanking plasma membranes are made de novo from a transient membrane compartment, the cell plate. which in turn forms by vesicle fusion from the centre to the periphery of the dividing cell. Other modes of cytokinesis appear to occur in meiotic cells and developing gametophytes. Here we review recent progress in the analysis of plant cytokinesis, focusing on genetic studies in Arabidopsis which are beginning to identify structural and regulatory components of phragmoplast-assisted cytokinesis. Two classes of mutations have been described. In one class, the defects appear to be confined to cell plate formation, suggesting that the execution of cytokinesis is specifically affected. Mutations in the other class display more general defects in cell division. We also discuss possible roles of proteins that have been localised in cytokinetic cells but not characterised genetically. Finally, mutations affecting meiotic or gametophytic cell divisions suggest that mechanistically different modes of cytokinesis occur in higher plants.
高等植物已经进化出特定机制来划分分裂细胞的细胞质。在成膜体辅助胞质分裂的主要模式中，细胞壁和相邻的质膜由一个临时的膜区室——细胞板重新形成。细胞板又通过囊泡从分裂细胞的中心向周边融合而形成。其他胞质分裂模式似乎发生在减数分裂细胞和发育中的配子体中。在这里，我们综述了植物胞质分裂分析的最新进展，重点关注拟南芥中的遗传学研究，这些研究开始鉴定成膜体辅助胞质分裂的结构和调控成分。已经描述了两类突变。在一类中，缺陷似乎局限于细胞板形成，这表明胞质分裂的执行受到了特异性影响。另一类突变在细胞分裂中表现出更普遍的缺陷。我们还讨论了已定位在胞质分裂细胞中但尚未进行遗传学表征的蛋白质的可能作用。最后，影响减数分裂或配子体细胞分裂的突变表明，高等植物中存在机制不同的胞质分裂模式。
