French S A, Harnack L, Jeffery R W
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015, USA.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000 Oct;24(10):1353-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801429.
To examine demographic, behavioral and dietary correlates of frequency of fast food restaurant use in a community-based sample of 891 adult women.
A survey was administered at baseline and 3 y later as part of a randomized, prospective intervention trial on weight gain prevention.
Women (n = 891) aged 20-45 y who enrolled in the Pound of Prevention study.
Frequency of fast food restaurant use, dietary intake, demographic and behavioral measures were self-reported. Dietary intake was measured using the 60-item Block Food Frequency Questionnaire. Body weight and height were directly measured.
Twenty-one percent of the sample reported eating > or = 3 fast food meals per week. Frequency of fast food restaurant use was associated with higher total energy intake, higher percentage fat energy, more frequent consumption of hamburgers, French fries and soft drinks, and less frequent consumption of fiber and fruit. Frequency of fast food restaurant use was higher among younger women, those with lower income, non-White ethnicity, greater body weight, lower dietary restraint, fewer low-fat eating behaviors, and greater television viewing. Over 3 y, increases in frequency of fast food restaurant use were associated with increases in body weight, total energy intake, percentage fat intake, intake of hamburgers, French fries and soft drinks, and with decreases in physical activity, dietary restraint and low-fat eating behaviors. Intake of several other foods, including fruits and vegetables, did not differ by frequency of fast food restaurant use.
Frequency of fast food restaurant use is associated with higher energy and fat intake and greater body weight, and could be an important risk factor for excess weight gain in the population.
在一个由891名成年女性组成的社区样本中，研究与快餐店使用频率相关的人口统计学、行为和饮食因素。
作为一项预防体重增加的随机前瞻性干预试验的一部分，在基线时和3年后进行了一项调查。
参加“预防一磅体重”研究的20 - 45岁女性（n = 891）。
通过自我报告获取快餐店使用频率、饮食摄入量、人口统计学和行为指标。饮食摄入量使用包含60个条目的布洛克食物频率问卷进行测量。直接测量体重和身高。
21%的样本报告每周吃≥3次快餐。快餐店使用频率与更高的总能量摄入、更高的脂肪能量百分比、更频繁地食用汉堡、薯条和软饮料以及更少地食用纤维和水果有关。在年轻女性、低收入者、非白人种族、体重较大者、饮食抑制较低者、低脂饮食行为较少者以及看电视较多者中，快餐店使用频率更高。在3年期间，快餐店使用频率的增加与体重增加、总能量摄入增加、脂肪摄入量百分比增加、汉堡、薯条和软饮料摄入量增加以及身体活动减少、饮食抑制和低脂饮食行为减少有关。包括水果和蔬菜在内的其他几种食物的摄入量在快餐店使用频率不同的人群中没有差异。
快餐店使用频率与更高的能量和脂肪摄入以及更大的体重相关，可能是人群中体重过度增加的一个重要风险因素。
