Murakami Kentaro, Sasaki Satoshi, Takahashi Yoshiko, Uenishi Kazuhiro
Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2011;57(1):87-94. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.57.87.
Exposure to food service establishments is considered to encourage consumption and contribute to poorer diet quality, and hence adverse health profiles. However, empirical verification of these links remains rare, particularly in young adults and non-Western populations. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to test the hypothesis that neighborhood restaurant availability and frequency of eating out are associated with unfavorable patterns of dietary intake and thus possibly higher body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in young Japanese women. The subjects were 989 female Japanese dietetic students 18 to 22 y of age. Dietary intake and frequency of eating out (i.e., consumption of commercially prepared meals) during the preceding month were assessed using a comprehensive, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Neighborhood restaurant availability was defined as the number of restaurants within a 0.5-mile (0.8-km) radius of residence (i.e., full-service restaurants, limited-service restaurants, and cafeterias). Increasing frequency of eating out was associated with higher intake of meat, confectionery and bread, and dietary fat, lower intake of fruit and vegetables, rice, and dietary fiber, and higher dietary energy density. However, neighborhood restaurant availability was not associated with either the frequency of eating out or any of the dietary variables examined. Further, frequency of eating out and neighborhood restaurant availability were not associated with BMI or waist circumference. In conclusion, although frequency of eating out was positively associated with unfavorable dietary intake patterns in a group of young Japanese women, neighborhood restaurant availability was not associated with frequency of eating out or dietary intake.
接触食品服务场所被认为会促进消费并导致较差的饮食质量，进而影响健康状况。然而，对这些关联的实证验证仍然很少，尤其是在年轻人和非西方人群中。这项横断面研究的目的是检验以下假设：邻里餐厅的可及性和外出就餐频率与不良的饮食摄入模式相关，从而可能导致年轻日本女性的体重指数（BMI）和腰围升高。研究对象为989名年龄在18至22岁之间的日本女性营养学专业学生。使用一份全面的、自我填写的饮食史问卷评估前一个月的饮食摄入量和外出就餐频率（即食用商业制备餐食的频率）。邻里餐厅的可及性定义为居住半径0.5英里（0.8公里）范围内的餐厅数量（即全方位服务餐厅、有限服务餐厅和自助餐厅）。外出就餐频率增加与肉类、糖果和面包以及膳食脂肪的摄入量增加、水果和蔬菜、大米以及膳食纤维的摄入量减少以及膳食能量密度升高有关。然而，邻里餐厅的可及性与外出就餐频率或所检查的任何饮食变量均无关联。此外，外出就餐频率和邻里餐厅的可及性与BMI或腰围均无关联。总之，尽管在一组年轻日本女性中，外出就餐频率与不良的饮食摄入模式呈正相关，但邻里餐厅的可及性与外出就餐频率或饮食摄入量无关。
