Nydén A, Hjelmquist E, Gillberg C
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000 Sep;9(3):180-5. doi: 10.1007/s007870070041.
This study compared the neuropsychological test profiles of non-mentally retarded girls and boys consecutively referred to a neuropsychiatric clinic and those of contrast cases of girls from mainstream classrooms of one Göteborg school district. To avoid overreliance on the male prototype with regard to diagnostic criteria the clinical group comprised a mixed sample of girls and boys without diagnostic subgrouping. Clinic girls had a lower IQ than comparison girls. Girls were more impaired than the boys with respect to executive functions and scored less well on theory of mind tasks. Previous studies have shown girls with autism and mental retardation to be more severely affected than boys both with regard to level of intellectual functioning and overall measures of brain dysfunction. The present study indicates that clinic girls with a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders at higher levels of intellectual functioning (some of which met diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder) may also be more severely affected than boys with corresponding types of "surface" problems.
本研究比较了连续转诊至神经精神科诊所的非智障女孩和男孩的神经心理测试概况，以及哥德堡一个学区主流班级中女孩对照病例的测试概况。为避免在诊断标准上过度依赖男性原型，临床组包含了未进行诊断亚分组的女孩和男孩的混合样本。临床组女孩的智商低于对照女孩。在执行功能方面，女孩比男孩受损更严重，并且在心理理论任务上得分更低。先前的研究表明，患有自闭症和智力障碍的女孩在智力功能水平和脑功能障碍的总体测量方面比男孩受到的影响更严重。本研究表明，在智力功能较高水平上患有各种神经精神障碍（其中一些符合自闭症谱系障碍的诊断标准）的临床组女孩，可能也比患有相应类型“表面”问题的男孩受到更严重的影响。
