Huuskonen J, Väisänen S B, Kröger H, Jurvelin C, Bouchard C, Alhava E, Rauramaa R
Department of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland.
Osteoporos Int. 2000;11(8):702-8. doi: 10.1007/s001980070069.
Osteoporosis is a growing health problem not only in women but also in men. To assess determinants of bone mineral density (BMD) at the spine and proximal femur, a randomly selected sample of 140 Finnish men aged 54-63 years was measured using fan beam dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Isometric muscle strength was measured using a computerized measurement system and cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed with maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) using breath-by-breath respiratory gas analyses during an incremental bicycle ergometer exercise. Intakes of calcium and energy were estimated using 4-day food records. Smoking habits and alcohol consumption were assessed from an interview and a 4 week diary, respectively. Isometric muscle strength of triceps and biceps brachii, extensors and flexors of thigh and rectus abdominis correlated significantly with BMD (r = 0.18-0.35, p = 0.02-0.000). Calcium intake correlated positively with femoral (r = 0.19-0.28, p = 0.03-0.003), but not with lumbar BMD. In addition, calcium intake adjusted for dietary energy content (mg/MJ) correlated with femoral BMD (r = 0.25-0.36, p = 0.03-0.000). Smoking had no effect on BMD, whereas alcohol intake correlated positively with BMD at L2-L4 (r=0.19, p = 0.031). In the multiple linear regression analysis adjusted calcium intake predicted BMD in every site measured, while strength of abdominal muscles predicted BMD at Ward's triangle and femoral neck. Body weight was a predictor of trochanteric BMD. Body height was the best predictor of lumbar and femoral neck area. We conclude that low dietary calcium intake, weak muscle strength and low body weight are risk factors for low BMD in men.
骨质疏松症不仅在女性中，而且在男性中都是一个日益严重的健康问题。为了评估脊柱和股骨近端骨矿物质密度（BMD）的决定因素，使用扇形束双能X线吸收法对140名年龄在54 - 63岁的芬兰男性随机抽样进行测量。使用计算机测量系统测量等长肌肉力量，并在递增式自行车测力计运动期间通过逐次呼吸的呼吸气体分析，用最大摄氧量（VO2 max）评估心肺适能。使用4天的食物记录估计钙和能量的摄入量。分别通过访谈和4周的日记评估吸烟习惯和饮酒情况。肱三头肌和肱二头肌、大腿伸肌和屈肌以及腹直肌的等长肌肉力量与骨密度显著相关（r = 0.18 - 0.35，p = 0.02 - 0.000）。钙摄入量与股骨骨密度呈正相关（r = 0.19 - 0.28，p = 0.03 - 0.003），但与腰椎骨密度无关。此外，根据膳食能量含量调整后的钙摄入量（mg/MJ）与股骨骨密度相关（r = 0.25 - 0.36，p = 0.03 - 0.000）。吸烟对骨密度没有影响，而饮酒与L2 - L4处的骨密度呈正相关（r = 0.19，p = 0.031）。在多元线性回归分析中，调整后的钙摄入量可预测每个测量部位的骨密度，而腹部肌肉力量可预测沃德三角区和股骨颈处的骨密度。体重是转子骨密度的一个预测因素。身高是腰椎和股骨颈面积的最佳预测因素。我们得出结论，低膳食钙摄入量、弱肌肉力量和低体重是男性低骨密度的危险因素。
