Burnes T A, Blanchette R A, Farrell R L
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Dec;66(12):5201-5. doi: 10.1128/AEM.66.12.5201-5205.2000.
Wood extractives, commonly referred to as pitch, cause major problems in the manufacturing of pulp and paper. Treatment of nonsterile southern yellow pine chips for 14 days with Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas sp., Xanthomonas campestris, and Serratia marcescens reduced wood extractives by as much as 40%. Control treatments receiving only water lost 11% of extractives due to the growth of naturally occurring microorganisms. Control treatments were visually discolored after the 14-day incubation, whereas bacterium-treated wood chips were free of dark staining. Investigations using P. fluorescens NRRL B21432 showed that all individual resin and fatty acid components of the pine wood extractives were substantially reduced. Micromorphological observations showed that bacteria were able to colonize resin canals, ray parenchyma cells, and tracheids. Tracheid pit membranes within bordered pit chambers were degraded after treatment with P. fluorescens NRRL B21432. P. fluorescens and the other bacteria tested appear to have the potential for biological processing to substantially reduce wood extractives in pine wood chips prior to the paper making process so that problems associated with pitch in pulp mills can be controlled.
木材提取物，通常称为树脂，在纸浆和造纸生产中会引发重大问题。用荧光假单胞菌、假单胞菌属、野油菜黄单胞菌和粘质沙雷氏菌对未灭菌的南方黄松片进行14天处理，可使木材提取物减少多达40%。仅接受水的对照处理由于天然存在的微生物生长而损失了11%的提取物。在14天的培养期后，对照处理在视觉上出现了变色，而经过细菌处理的木片没有深色污渍。使用荧光假单胞菌NRRL B21432进行的研究表明，松木提取物的所有单个树脂和脂肪酸成分都大幅减少。微观形态观察表明，细菌能够在树脂道、射线薄壁细胞和管胞中定殖。用荧光假单胞菌NRRL B21432处理后，具缘纹孔室内的管胞纹孔膜被降解。荧光假单胞菌和其他测试细菌似乎有潜力在造纸过程之前对松木片进行生物处理，以大幅减少木材提取物，从而控制与纸浆厂中树脂相关的问题。
